基于超级电容的矿井提升设备功率补偿及能量回收系统研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 11:05

本文选题：修井机　切入点：超级电容　出处：《北京交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国油田井场电网容量小,采用单一的井场电网作为电动修井机的能量来源往往功率不足,造成电动修井机工作效率低下。本文以XJ250型电动修井机为研究对象,研发了一套基于超级电容的功率补偿系统,可实现补偿井场电网功率不足,使XJ250型电动修井机工作在同种规格传统修井机的工况下,并且具有吸收电动修井机制动能量的功能。本文首先分析了电动修井机实际运行的工作状况,研究了其工作时序及能量和功率的需求,提出了采用超级电容作为储能媒介的功率补偿方案；其次在分析超级电容基本工作原理的基础上,分析了超级电容器的等效电路模型；然后结合电动修井机的工况和超级电容本身的特点进行了容量配置研究。为了对超级电容功率补偿系统的控制策略进行研究,首先利用状态空间平均法建立了系统在Buck和Boost工作模式下的小信号分析模型,并完成了电压电流双闭环控制器的设计；在双环控制方法的基础上,针对电动修井机实际工况的不同和井场电网空载电压波动的问题,本文提出了基于检测电机转速和动态阈值调整的控制策略,即修井机运行在下放负载及摘钩工况,电机停止运行,电机转速nnCH且母线电压UdcUCH,系统工作在能量存储模式;修井机运行在上提负载工况,电机运行,电机转速nnDCH且UdcUDCH,系统工作在功率补偿模式；由于井场电网网压全天波动较大,设定恒定的充放电阈值差,根据检测的空载电压与充放电阈值差做差,得到随网压波动而调整的充放电阈值,使系统工作在额定状态,并通过仿真验证了控制策略的可行性。最后,以XJ250型电动修井机为实验样机,开发了80kW超级电容功率补偿系统,包括主电路设计、控制电路设计、通信监控系统及软件程序的设计与开发。通过在河南中原油田的现场运行考核,验证了样机设计的合理性及稳定性,同时也验证了本文提出的控制策略的可行性。
[Abstract]:Because of the small capacity of well site network in oil field in China, the use of single well site network as the energy source of electric workover machine is often insufficient, which results in the low working efficiency of electric workover machine. This paper takes XJ250 electric workover machine as the research object. A power compensation system based on super capacitor is developed, which can compensate for the lack of power in the well site network, make the XJ250 electric workover machine work under the same specifications of the traditional workover machine, and have the function of absorbing the dynamic energy of the electric workover mechanism. This paper first analyzes the actual operation of the electric workover machine, studies its working sequence, energy and power requirements, and puts forward a power compensation scheme using super capacitor as the energy storage medium. Secondly, on the basis of analyzing the basic working principle of super capacitor, the equivalent circuit model of super capacitor is analyzed, and then the capacity configuration of super capacitor is studied according to the working condition of electric workover machine and the characteristics of super capacitor itself. In order to study the control strategy of ultracapacitor power compensation system, the small signal analysis model of the system under Buck and Boost mode is established by using the state space averaging method, and the design of the voltage and current double closed loop controller is completed. On the basis of double loop control method, aiming at the different actual working conditions of electric workover machine and the problem of no-load voltage fluctuation in well site network, a control strategy based on detecting motor speed and adjusting dynamic threshold is put forward in this paper. The workover machine operates in the down-load and off-hook conditions, the motor stops running, the motor rotate speed nnCH and the bus voltage UDC UCH, the system works in the energy storage mode, the workover machine runs in the upload condition, the motor runs, The speed of motor is nnDCH and Udc UDCH, the system works in power compensation mode, because of the large fluctuation of network voltage in well site throughout the day, the constant charging and discharging threshold difference is set, and the difference between the measured no-load voltage and charge / discharge threshold is poor, The charging and discharging threshold adjusted with grid voltage fluctuation is obtained, which makes the system work in rated state, and the feasibility of the control strategy is verified by simulation. Finally, the 80kW super capacitor power compensation system is developed with XJ250 electric workover machine as the experimental prototype, including main circuit design and control circuit design. The design and development of communication monitoring system and software program. The rationality and stability of the prototype design are verified by field operation examination in Zhongyuan Oilfield, Henan Province, and the feasibility of the control strategy proposed in this paper is also verified.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE935

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