三维旋转喷射枪喷嘴的流场模拟与结构优化设计

发布时间：2018-03-22 01:21

本文选题：三维旋转喷射枪　切入点：喷嘴结构　出处：《太原理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：工业油罐在长期的储存过程中，油品中的机械杂质和重油成分会因为比重差而沉积到油罐罐底。这些沉积物不仅降低了油罐的有效储存容积，而且对罐底底板造成腐蚀。我国规定每6~9年要对油罐进行清洗，三维旋转喷射枪正是在这一工业背景下产生的。三维旋转喷射枪的工作原理是由高压泵给水输送压力，通过气动马达驱动双轴传动实现喷嘴的全方位运动，，由喷嘴射出水射流对油罐进行清洗。喷嘴作为喷射枪清洗机的直接执行部件，它将水流的压力能转换成高度密集的水射流，进而完成清洗油罐的目的。实验已经证实：研究出性能良好、材料适宜又与主机匹配的喷嘴，将极大地提高射流的效率。以往的大量研究重点都放在高压以及超高压小流量喷嘴的研制工作上，针对低压大流量喷嘴的研究工作相对较少，本课题正是在这一研究背景下开展的。本论文首先对喷嘴射流的各个物理量进行了详细的阐述；其次利用GAMBIT软件对喷嘴的结构和内外部流场建立了几何模型、网格划分和边界定义；利用FLUENT软件从两相流入手对现有喷嘴结构的内外流场进行了仿真分析，然后将仿真得到的数据导入到ORINGE软件中，对数据进行分析总结，绘制相应的图像，并据此定性的分析了两相流流动的速度、压力与轴心位置、横向位置之间的关系，最后通过改变对喷嘴收缩角和长径比的设定，分析比较了不同的收缩角和长径比参数对喷嘴的内外部流场的影响，得出适合油罐清洗的最佳喷嘴结构参数，进而实现了对喷嘴结构的优化。这一研究成果对三维旋转喷射枪喷嘴结构的工业应用具有巨大的实用价值和经济价值。本文最后总结了研究工作中的不足，并对本课题的下一步工作进行了展望。
[Abstract]:During the long-term storage of industrial oil tanks, the mechanical impurities and heavy oil components in the oil products will be deposited to the bottom of the tanks because of the difference in specific gravity. These deposits not only reduce the effective storage capacity of the tanks, Moreover, the bottom plate of the tank is corroded. Our country stipulates that the oil tank should be cleaned every 6 ~ 9 years, and the three-dimensional rotary jet gun is produced in this industrial background. The working principle of the three-dimensional rotary jet gun is that the pressure is conveyed by the high pressure pump feed water. The full motion of the nozzle is realized by driving the biaxial drive of the pneumatic motor, and the oil tank is cleaned by the water jet from the nozzle. As the direct executive part of the jet gun cleaning machine, the nozzle converts the pressure of the water flow into a highly dense water jet. The experiment has proved that the nozzle with good performance, suitable material and matching with the main engine has been developed. It will greatly improve the efficiency of jet. In the past, a large number of researches focused on the development of high-pressure and ultra-high-pressure small flow nozzles, but the research work for low-pressure and high-flow nozzles was relatively little. This subject is carried out under the background of this research. In this paper, the various physical parameters of nozzle jet are described in detail, and then the geometry model, mesh division and boundary definition of nozzle structure and internal and external flow field are established by using GAMBIT software. The internal and external flow field of the existing nozzle structure is simulated and analyzed by using FLUENT software, and then the simulated data is imported into the ORINGE software to analyze and summarize the data and draw the corresponding image. Based on this, the relationship between velocity, pressure and axial position, transverse position of two-phase flow is analyzed qualitatively. Finally, the setting of nozzle shrinkage angle and aspect ratio is changed. The effects of different parameters of shrinkage angle and aspect ratio on the internal and external flow field of the nozzle are analyzed and compared. The optimum nozzle structure parameters suitable for tank cleaning are obtained. The research results are of great practical and economic value for the industrial application of the nozzle structure of the three-dimensional rotary jet gun. Finally, this paper summarizes the shortcomings of the research work, and the future work of this topic is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE972

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