主风机组防喘振控制分析与优化

发布时间：2018-03-22 01:40

本文选题：轴流风机　切入点：喘振现象　出处：《内蒙古大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文针对呼和浩特石化公司催化裂化装置主风机组在运行过程发生的喘振问题,从主风机组的组成、工作原理、控制系统配置、工艺流程等方面入手,详细的分析了主风机组在正常运行工况下喘振产生的危害以及原因,选择正确的控制措施对系统进行调整和优化,并验证了主风机组优化后的效果。呼和浩特石化公司催化裂化装置选用的主风机是轴流式风机,该类风机是一种出口压力比较低但是流量比较大的风机,其低能耗、高效率的特性受到了使用者的广泛认可与信赖,其被广泛大量的使用在各类化工生产制造行业中。然而由于轴流式风机的系统设计较为复杂,零部件比较多,特别是其中旋转工作的零件很多,因此在安全性方面比不上离心式风机,差距主要表现在风机的喘振方面。.在主风机生成喘振的时候,剧烈的高压气流进行规律性运动,会进一步致使风机噪声加大、叶片压力增高,对部件、轮轴以及各种连接件形成强大的应力,在上述应力变大到部件额定承受力的时候,就会令风机的各种工作部件产生裂缝,甚至彻底令整个轴流风机失去工作能力。由于轴流风机的固有特性已无法改变,本文重点从控制系统进行改进,通过降低信号在传递的过程中出现的干扰、优化流量计算补偿温度变化和压力变化对差压的影响、改进算法重新计算喘振线等一系列方法,避免主风机喘振现象的发生,保证主风机组高效、可靠的运行。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the surge problem of the main air unit in the FCC unit of Huhehaote Petrochemical Company, this paper starts with the composition, working principle, control system configuration, technological process and so on of the main air turbine. The harm and reason of surge of main wind unit under normal operating condition are analyzed in detail, and the correct control measures are selected to adjust and optimize the system. The main fan selected by Hohhot Petrochemical Company is axial flow fan. This kind of fan is a kind of fan with lower outlet pressure but larger flow rate, and its energy consumption is low. The high efficiency characteristic is widely recognized and trusted by the users, and it is widely used in all kinds of chemical industry. However, because the system design of axial flow fan is more complex, there are more parts and components. In particular, there are many parts that rotate, so the safety of the fan is not comparable to that of the centrifugal fan. The gap is mainly manifested in the surge of the fan... When the main fan generates surge, the intense high-pressure airflow moves regularly. It will further increase the noise of the fan, increase the pressure of the blade, and form a strong stress on the components, the axle and the various connectors. When the above stresses become large enough to allow the components to withstand the rated load, they will cause cracks in the various working parts of the fan. As the inherent characteristics of the axial fan can no longer be changed, this paper focuses on improving the control system by reducing the interference in the process of signal transmission. A series of methods such as optimizing the flow rate to compensate the influence of temperature change and pressure change on differential pressure and to recalculate the surge line are improved to avoid the surge phenomenon of the main fan and to ensure the efficient and reliable operation of the main wind unit.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE96

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