地下储气库自动控制系统设计与实现

发布时间：2018-03-23 02:19

本文选题：自动化　切入点：安全防范系统　出处：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：生产过程自动化是一门综合性的技术学科,综合利用自动控制器仪表学科以及计算机学科的理论服务于石油工程学科更是大家所研究的目标。本文从天然气存储角度出发,结合双六地下储气库建设,对自动化过程控制系统在生产中的应用和改进进行了进一步的探索。自动控制系统作为整个生产工艺的重要组成部分,对生产安全、平稳供气等具有很大影响。通过调研国内外大量天然气地下储气库的资料,同时结合国内一些油田的实际情况,对各种自控系统的分析研究,选择更为合适的系统在双六储气库中加以应用。本文主要研究工作如下:1.建成一套综合计算机控制系统,完成储气库的过程控制、安全联锁保护及调度管理。采用了以计算机为核心的监控与数据采集(SCADA)系统、PLC系统和RTU系统,完成对生产过程的数据采集、监控、顺序控制、联锁保护、计量、运行管理等。确保双六地下储气库生产安全、可靠、平稳、高效和经济地运行。2.为了提高双六储气库系统的安全性,我们设置了ESD系统。ESD系统从硬件上由三部分组成:检查部分(输入单元)、逻辑部分和执行部分(输出单元)。ESD系统的设置将危险程度降到了最低,保证了人员、设备和周围环境的安全。3.建成一整套包括电子巡更系统、周界报警系统及电视监控系统的安全防范系统。以视频监控系统的图像复合及通信为核心,以周界系统和门禁为补充,以电子巡更为人工辅助,各子系统之间既独立工作又相互配合,从而形成一个全方位、多层次、立体的点、线、面、空间相结合的体系。4.为了对双六储气库进一步防护,我们设置了一套火气系统。火气系统包括火焰探测系统、可燃气体探测报警系统等,硬件组成上由可燃气体探测器、可燃气体报警器,防爆型火灾报警按钮、火焰探测器和火焰报警控制器组成。具有报警及联锁等功能。它是独立于DCS和ESD系统之外的一个单独防护层。当危险发生的时候,火气系统能够及时发现,及时作出判断和动作,误判率要远远高低于现场工作人员。
[Abstract]:Production process automation is a comprehensive technical discipline, and it is a research goal to make use of the theories of automatic controller, instrument and computer to serve petroleum engineering. This paper starts from the point of view of natural gas storage. Combined with the construction of Shuangliu underground gas storage, the application and improvement of automatic process control system in production are further explored. As an important part of the whole production process, automatic control system is safe for production. Steady gas supply has great influence. Through investigating a large number of domestic and foreign natural gas underground gas storage data, and combining with the actual situation of some domestic oil fields, we analyze and study various automatic control systems. The main research work of this paper is as follows: 1. A comprehensive computer control system is built to complete the process control of the gas storage. Safety interlocking protection and dispatching management. The computer based monitoring and data acquisition system (SCADAA) system and RTU system are adopted to complete the data acquisition, monitoring, sequence control, interlock protection and measurement of the production process. To ensure the safe, reliable, stable, efficient and economical operation of Shuang6 underground gas storage depot, etc. In order to improve the safety of Shuangliu gas storage system, We set up the ESD system. The ESD system is made up of three hardware parts: the check part (input unit, logic part, and executive part), which minimizes the risk and ensures the personnel. Safety of equipment and surrounding environment. A whole set of security and prevention systems including electronic patrol system, perimeter alarm system and television monitoring system are built. The core is the image composition and communication of the video surveillance system, supplemented by the perimeter system and the entrance guard. With electronic patrol as artificial assistance, the subsystems work independently and cooperate with each other, thus forming a comprehensive, multi-level, three-dimensional point, line, surface and space system. 4. In order to further protect the double six gas storage, We have set up a set of fire gas system. The fire gas system includes flame detection system, flammable gas detection and alarm system, etc. The hardware is composed of combustible gas detector, combustible gas alarm, explosion-proof fire alarm button, etc. Flame detector and flame alarm controller. It has alarm and interlocking functions. It is a separate protective layer independent of DCS and ESD systems. When a danger occurs, the fire gas system can detect it in time. Timely judgment and action, miscarriage rate is much higher than the scene staff.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE972

【共引文献】