限流压裂中射孔参数设计方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 09:23

本文选题：限流压裂　切入点：薄互多层　出处：《西南石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：限流压裂技术是针对低渗透、薄互多层改造的主要措施之一,限流压裂成功与否的关键是射孔参数的选择和优化。然而地层破裂压力和孔眼摩阻直接影响射孔参数的选择,在射孔参数选择中孔密是最容易控制的影响参数,因此在限流压裂射孔参数设计中往往对孔密进行优化选择。本文主要介绍了限流压裂工艺原理、工艺背景、适用对象、施工程序及限流压裂现场应用效果分析,从而了解了限流压裂的各个过程和设计方法。目前主要有三种布孔设计方法,其共同点是根据各小层厚度和改造规模来平均分配射孔数,根据平衡压力方程计算出孔眼摩阻值,再由孔眼摩阻计算出总射孔数。为了更加精确的选择射孔参数,本文主要对地层破裂压力和压裂过程中摩阻变化进行了研究；地层破裂压力预测模型较多,如伊顿公式、安德森公式、黄荣樽模型等,其中大部分预测模型具有一定的针对性,本文阐述了每种预测模型适用条件及参数的获取。摩阻类型包括：孔眼摩阻、裂缝弯曲摩阻及沿程摩阻；其中孔眼摩阻是影响布孔设计的关键参数,文中重点介绍了射孔参数对孔眼摩阻的影响规律。最后,以长8储层某口井为例,利用四种地层破裂压力预测模型建立不同的破裂压力剖面,为了更好的反映目的层破裂压力剖面,因而选取平均破裂压力建立目的层的破裂压力剖面,综合现有的布孔设计方法重新调整了布孔方案,并且给出了平均破裂压力剖面与射孔数的对应关系。现场施工曲线表明,该方法相继压开三个目的层,并且增产效果显著。
[Abstract]:Flow limiting fracturing technology is one of the main measures for low permeability and thin interlayer reconstruction. The key to the success of flow limiting fracturing is the selection and optimization of perforation parameters. However, formation fracture pressure and hole friction directly affect the choice of perforation parameters. Pore density is the most easily controlled parameter in the selection of perforation parameters, so the optimum selection of perforation parameters is often carried out in the design of perforation parameters for flow limiting fracturing. This paper mainly introduces the principle of flow limiting fracturing technology, technology background, applicable object, operation procedure and application effect analysis of fluid limiting fracturing field. At present, there are three kinds of hole layout design methods. The common point is that the perforation number is equally distributed according to the thickness of each layer and the reconstruction scale, and the hole friction value is calculated according to the equilibrium pressure equation. Then the total perforation number is calculated from the hole friction. In order to select perforation parameters more accurately, this paper mainly studies formation fracture pressure and friction change during fracturing, and there are many prediction models of formation fracture pressure, such as Eaton formula, Anderson formula, Huang Rongru model, etc. Most of the prediction models have some pertinence. This paper describes the applicable conditions and parameters of each prediction model. The friction types include: hole friction, crack bending friction and along the path friction; The hole friction is the key parameter which affects the design of the hole. The influence of perforation parameters on the hole friction is introduced in this paper. Finally, taking a well in Chang 8 reservoir as an example, four kinds of fracture pressure prediction models are used to establish different fracture pressure profiles in order to better reflect the fracture pressure profile of the target layer. Therefore, the fracture pressure profile of the target layer is established by selecting the average fracture pressure, and the hole layout scheme is readjusted based on the existing hole layout design methods, and the corresponding relationship between the average fracture pressure profile and the perforation number is given. The field construction curve shows that, The method uncovers three target layers one after another, and the effect of increasing yield is remarkable.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE357

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