基于三维叠后地震资料的潜山裂缝型储层预测研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 23:03

本文选题：相干体　切入点：体曲率　出处：《成都理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：潜山油气藏是当今我国油气勘探开发的重点研究领域之一,其中裂缝型储层油气的勘探开发显得尤为重要。由于潜山具有良好的成藏模式、油气聚集多且产能高、开发潜力大等优点,越来越受石油行业科技工作者的青睐。在潜山储层描述时常会遇到地震资料品质相对较差、潜山内幕储层非均质性强、储集空间类型复杂(储层多以裂缝、孔洞等为主)、储层各向异性强等难点,大大增加了潜山油气藏勘探的难度。本文针对在渤海某潜山裂缝型储层预测中,潜山埋藏深、缝洞发育、钻井较少、常规方法预测结果与钻井符合率低等难点问题。综合运用地质、测井和地震资料,对常规方法进行技术改进,在地震相的控制下,总结出了一套适用于潜山裂缝型储层预测的技术流程。论文主要论述三方面的内容:(1)对前人研究成果的研究的总结,进行常规的裂缝预测方法的方法优选与参数优选分析,重点分析了相干体分析、三维体曲率分析及边缘检测等3种方法;(2)由于常规预测方法预测结果与钻井符合率低,本文提出了基于方向增强处理的改进方法、分频带相干体分析方法和基于波形分类的裂缝发育区分析方法等三种特殊分析方法,实现裂缝的多尺度、多分辨率预测,并按照波形对裂缝发育区带的划分;(3)采用三维叠后地震数据,进行潜山裂缝型储层的实例预测与分析。渤海某潜山为碳酸盐岩潜山,储层为裂缝-孔隙型储层,将改进后的相干体分析、边缘检测、分频带相干等技术,与三维地震相结合起来,应用到该研究工区。在地震相控制下,对每个相带内的裂缝进行预测,实现有利储层的综合预测。研究结果表明:在第I类相带(古生界剥蚀线附近)中,检测出裂缝非常的发育,但由于受剥蚀严重,此处地层较薄,非有利储层所在位置;在第II类相带中(在井周围的区域),尽管预测结果显示此处裂缝也发育,但由于此处的地层较厚,有利于油气的储存,认为是有利储层所在位置。
[Abstract]:Buried-hill reservoir is one of the key research fields of oil and gas exploration and development in China, in which the exploration and development of fractured reservoir is particularly important. In the description of buried hill reservoir, the quality of seismic data is relatively poor, the heterogeneity of buried hill inside reservoir is strong, the type of reservoir space is complex (the reservoir is mostly fractured, etc.). The difficulty of reservoir exploration in buried hill oil and gas reservoir is greatly increased because of the difficulties such as porosity and strong anisotropy. In the prediction of a buried hill fractured reservoir in Bohai Sea, the buried hill is deep, the fracture and cavity are developed, and the drilling is less. The prediction results of conventional methods have low coincidence rate with drilling, and so on. Using geological, logging and seismic data, the technical improvement of conventional methods is carried out under the control of seismic facies. This paper summarizes a set of technical processes suitable for prediction of fractured reservoirs in buried hills. This paper mainly discusses three aspects: 1) summing up the research results of predecessors, and carrying out the optimization selection and parameter analysis of conventional fracture prediction methods. In this paper, three methods of coherence analysis, three-dimensional volume curvature analysis and edge detection are emphatically analyzed. Since the prediction results of conventional prediction methods are low in accordance with the drilling accuracy, an improved method based on directional enhancement processing is proposed in this paper. Three special analysis methods, such as frequency band coherent volume analysis method and waveform classification based fracture development area analysis method, are used to realize multi-scale and multi-resolution prediction of fractures. Three dimensional post-stack seismic data are used to predict and analyze the buried hill fractured reservoir. A buried hill in Bohai Sea is a carbonate buried hill, and the reservoir is a fracture-pore reservoir. The improved coherent volume analysis, edge detection, split-band coherence and other techniques are combined with 3-D seismic to predict the cracks in each phase zone under the control of seismic phase. The results show that the fractures are very developed in the type I facies belt (near the Paleozoic denudation line), but because of the serious denudation, the formation here is thin, which is not favorable reservoir location; In the second type facies belt (in the area around the well), although the prediction results show that the fractures are also developed here, the formation here is thicker, which is favorable to the oil and gas storage and is considered to be a favorable reservoir location.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P618.13;P631.4

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