长输管道缺陷评定理论与应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 02:15

本文选题：长输管道　切入点：缺陷　出处：《西安石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着石油天然气能源工业的迅猛发展,输油气管道不断向大口径、超薄壁、高压力方向发展,管道缺陷的产生也更加频繁,安全问题日趋明显已成为油气顺利输送的隐患,需亟待解决来减少能源资源的浪费以及降低事故发生率。本文以西一线新疆鄯善——哈密红柳段缺陷管道为研究对象,分析缺陷产生的主要原因和主要类型,针对平面型和体积型缺陷以断裂力学理论为基础,国内外最新标准为依据,运用面向对象的VB6.0程序语言开发了在用长输管道安全评定软件,结合ANSYS软件求解断裂参数并分析裂纹应力强度因子分布情况以及应力场变化云图,将长输管道缺陷分析智能化和可视化。本文得出的主要结论有以下几点:(1)通过软件编制过程中增加错误提醒、警告等功能,为非工作人员操作提供了方便,实现了软件评定过程的实用化,同时为长输管道的安全评定工作降低了难度,提高了准确性,简化了评定过程;(2)在有限元模型建立过程中,对于裂纹实体较为复杂的可进行相应的投影或者对其进行规则化,形成对称性方便建模,对于内压较大的管体可忽略土壤建模部分,结果都将在误差允许范围之内;(3)运用所开发的软件对西气东输缺陷管道进行安全评定,结果为平面型缺陷在安全范围之内,而体积型缺陷也能维持正常运行,但需要监测使用。此次评价为工程实际中长输管道安全评定技术的智能化和工程化提供了技术支撑。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of petroleum, natural gas and energy industry, oil and gas pipelines continue to develop in the direction of large caliber, thin wall, high pressure, pipeline defects are also more frequent, and safety problems have become a hidden danger of oil and gas smooth transportation day by day. It needs to be solved urgently to reduce the waste of energy resources and the incidence of accidents. In this paper, the main reasons and types of defects are analyzed, and the defect pipeline of Shanshan-Hami Hongliu section in the west of Xinjiang is studied. Based on the theory of fracture mechanics and the latest standards at home and abroad, the safety assessment software of long distance pipeline in use is developed by using object-oriented VB6.0 program language. The fracture parameters are solved with ANSYS software, and the distribution of stress intensity factor and the change of stress field are analyzed. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1) by adding the functions of error warning and warning in the process of software programming, it is convenient for non-staff members to operate. The utility of the software evaluation process is realized, at the same time, it reduces the difficulty, improves the accuracy and simplifies the evaluation process in the process of establishing the finite element model for the long distance pipeline safety assessment. For the more complicated crack body, the corresponding projection or regularization can be carried out, and the symmetry can be formed to facilitate modeling, and the soil modeling part can be neglected for the pipe with high internal pressure. The results will be within the error allowable range. (3) using the developed software to evaluate the safety of the West-to-East Gas Pipeline, the result is that the plane type defects are within the safe range, and the volume type defects can also be maintained in normal operation. But it needs to be monitored and used. The evaluation provides the technical support for the intellectualization and engineering of the safety assessment technology of the middle and long distance pipeline in engineering practice.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE973

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