深层-超深层优质碳酸盐岩储层形成控制因素

发布时间：2018-03-31 14:28

本文选题：构造　切入点：层序　出处：《石油与天然气地质》2017年04期

【摘要】：基于对前期工作的总结与前人研究工作的调研,提出了构造、层序、岩相、流体、时间五因素控储的概念模型。(1)构造对深层优质储层的影响可分为原型和变形两个方面,原型体现在构造对沉积格局的控制,构造变形如古隆起的形成演化、褶皱断裂的发育、裂缝组合等为后期的成岩改造提供了新的宏观背景,热体制以及新的流体的介入会建立全新的地质流体-岩石相互作用环境;(2)地层层序的结构与样式提供了储层发育与分布的宏观环境,较高级次的层序界面主要控制了规模性的岩溶型储层的形成,较低级次的层序界面与台缘、台内礁滩相储层发育分布关系密切,也是层间岩溶流体运移的通道;(3)岩相包括沉积相和成岩相,是后期流体改造的基础,也是储层最终赋存的场所,原始岩石矿物和结构可改造性的差异影响着储层的发育;(4)流体作用始终贯穿在碳酸盐岩建造与改造过程中,开放的地质流体环境形成储集空间,封闭的地质流体环境保持储集空间;(5)时间是指碳酸盐岩地层从沉积到成岩改造并最终定型的全过程,涉及上述4种要素各种地质作用的持续过程和相互之间的配置关系。构造-层序-岩相-流体-时间五种因素息息相关、相互制约,五要素在碳酸盐岩储层形成和保持过程中分别发挥着不同的、同时又是不可分割的作用。一般来说,优质的规模性碳酸盐岩储层是多种因素联合和多期复合作用的结果。
[Abstract]:Based on the summary of previous work and previous research work, the conceptual model of structure, sequence, lithofacies, fluid and time controlling reservoir is put forward. The influence of structure on deep and high quality reservoir can be divided into two aspects: prototype and deformation. The archetype is embodied in the structural control of sedimentary pattern, the formation and evolution of tectonic deformation such as paleouplift, the development of fold faults and fracture assemblages, etc., which provide a new macro background for the later diagenetic transformation. The thermal regime and the intervention of new fluids will create a new geological fluid-rock interaction environment. The structure and pattern of stratigraphic sequence provide a macro environment for reservoir development and distribution. The formation of karst reservoir is mainly controlled by the higher order sequence interface, and the lower order sequence interface is closely related to the development and distribution of the reef and beach facies reservoir in the platform, and the lower order sequence interface is closely related to the platform margin. The lithofacies, including sedimentary facies and diagenetic facies, are the basis of the later fluid transformation and the place where the reservoir finally exists. The difference between the original rock, mineral and structural revamability affects the development of the reservoir and the fluid flow always runs through the process of carbonate rock construction and reconstruction, and the open geological fluid environment forms the reservoir space. The time of keeping the reservoir space in a closed geological fluid environment is the whole process of carbonate strata from sedimentary to diagenetic transformation and final finalization. The continuous process of various geological processes of the four elements mentioned above and the disposition relationship between them are concerned. Five factors, tectonic-sequence, lithofacies, fluid-time, are closely related to each other and restrict each other. The five elements play different and indivisible roles in the formation and preservation of carbonate reservoir. Generally speaking, the high quality carbonate reservoir is the result of the combination of many factors and multiple periods.
【作者单位】：页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室;中国石化石油勘探开发研究院构造与沉积储层实验室;中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(U1663209) 国家科技重大专项(2017ZX05005) 中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDAXX010200)
【分类号】：P618.13

【相似文献】