高密封性泥浆泵活塞的试验研究及机理分析

发布时间：2018-04-03 08:08

本文选题：密封　切入点：泥浆泵活塞　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：勘探和开采是能源生产的重要环节,随着我国对能源依赖程度的加大,钻探技术需要不断革新。泥浆泵是钻探设备的重要组成部分,它使钻探效率大大提升。活塞是泥浆泵中最容易失效的部件,活塞密封性能下降,高压砂粒参与到摩擦副运动磨损,使活塞快速失效,不仅停机更换影响钻探进尺速度,使缸套一同磨损,还可能导致井壁崩塌等严重事故,造成经济和财产的巨大损失,因此,提高泥浆泵活塞密封性能对于钻探技术的革新和行业生产力的提升至关重要。本文通过对泥浆泵活塞工作原理和受力情况的分析,设计基于非光滑和多级密封思想的条纹形高密封性泥浆泵活塞,以BW-160型泥浆泵活塞为试验对象,选择条纹深度和条纹与活塞侧面夹角两个试验因素,设计出9组参数的活塞表面结构。基于泥浆泵活塞密封性能试验研究的需求,搭建泥浆泵活塞性能检测试验台,试验台主要实现摩擦力检测、密封性能检测和密封接触观测三项试验目的。针对条纹形BW-160型泥浆泵活塞,在试验台上进行摩擦力检测和密封泄漏检测两方面的研究试验,针对试验结果中最优活塞进行寿命验证性试验。摩擦力试验中,条纹深度为2mm、夹角为90°的活塞摩擦力最小,摩擦减阻效果比标准活塞提高了53.89%,条纹夹角对摩擦力的影响大于条纹深度的影响;密封性能检测试验中,条纹深度为2mm、夹角为90°的活塞泄漏量最小,比标准活塞密封性能提升了90.79%。对最优参数的活塞与标准活塞在同样条件下进行寿命磨损试验,结果显示,最优的条纹活塞寿命比标准活塞提高了114.58%。为了揭示泥浆泵活塞的受力和应变情况,利用逆向工程和Workbench有限元分析等技术手段对正常工况下的泥浆泵活塞进行数值模拟,数值模拟结果显示,条纹结构能够优化活塞整体的应变状态,减小活塞内部、根部和唇口的应变集中,从而提升活塞整体性能;条纹结构能优化活塞表面的摩擦情况,将摩擦力集中部位分散到条纹结构边缘,减少唇口磨损;条纹结构能通过减小活塞根部的Equivalent应力值,改善活塞根部挤伤等情况;能够增加活塞唇口的接触压力,增强唇口密封性;在条纹结构处能实现接触压力多级增大,达到多级密封的效果。对BW-160型泥浆泵活塞的泄漏初期情况进行模拟,相对于标准活塞,条纹结构能够存储泄漏泥浆介质,降低泥浆的泄漏速度;通过透明缸套,在泥浆泵活塞性能检测试验台上进行接触观测和图像采集,条纹形结构能通过储存润滑脂和形变,增大活塞与缸套的接触密封面积,能在缸套上形成润滑膜改善摩擦性能,增强活塞密封性,减缓密封失效的发生。
[Abstract]:Exploration and exploitation are important links in energy production. With the increase of our country's dependence on energy, drilling technology needs to be innovated.Mud pump is an important part of drilling equipment, which greatly improves drilling efficiency.Piston is the most vulnerable component in mud pump. The piston seal performance is decreased, the high pressure sand particles participate in the friction pair movement and wear, which causes the piston to fail quickly, not only stops the replacement to affect the drilling speed, but also causes the cylinder liner to wear together.It may also lead to serious accidents such as wellbore collapse, resulting in huge economic and property losses. Therefore, improving the piston sealing performance of mud pump is very important for the innovation of drilling technology and the improvement of industry productivity.Based on the analysis of the working principle and stress of the slurry pump piston, this paper designs a striped high sealing slurry pump piston based on the idea of non-smooth and multistage sealing. The piston of the BW-160 type mud pump is taken as the experimental object.The surface structure of the piston with nine parameters was designed by selecting two experimental factors, the depth of the fringe and the angle between the fringe and the side of the piston.Based on the requirement of testing and research on piston sealing performance of mud pump, a test bed for testing piston performance of mud pump is set up. The test platform mainly realizes three test purposes: friction test, seal performance test and seal contact observation.For the piston of striped BW-160 mud pump, the friction force detection and seal leakage detection are carried out on the test bench, and the life verification test is carried out for the optimal piston in the test results.In the friction test, the friction force of the piston with a depth of 2 mm and an angle of 90 掳is the smallest, and the friction drag reduction effect is 53.89 higher than that of the standard piston, and the influence of the fringe angle on the friction force is greater than that of the fringe depth.The piston with a fringe depth of 2 mm and an angle of 90 掳has the smallest leakage, which improves the sealing performance of the standard piston by 90.79%.The life wear test of the piston with the optimum parameters is carried out under the same conditions as the standard piston. The results show that the life of the optimum striped piston is 114.58 longer than that of the standard piston.In order to reveal the stress and strain of slurry pump piston, reverse engineering and Workbench finite element analysis were used to simulate the piston under normal working conditions.The stripe structure can optimize the strain state of the piston as a whole, reduce the strain concentration inside the piston, the root and the lip, so as to improve the overall performance of the piston, and the stripe structure can optimize the friction condition of the piston surface.The friction concentration is dispersed to the edge of the stripe structure to reduce the wear of the lip; the stripe structure can improve the squeezing damage of the piston root by reducing the Equivalent stress value of the piston root; and the contact pressure of the piston lip can be increased.The contact pressure can be increased at the stripe structure, and the effect of multistage seal can be achieved.The initial leakage of piston of BW-160 type mud pump is simulated. Compared with standard piston, stripe structure can store leaking mud medium and reduce mud leakage speed.The contact observation and image collection are carried out on the testing platform of the piston performance of mud pump. The striped structure can increase the contact sealing area between the piston and the cylinder by storing grease and deformation, and can form a lubricating film on the cylinder liner to improve the friction performance.Enhance piston sealing ability, slow down the occurrence of seal failure.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE92

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