气体钻水平井钻柱力学实验及理论研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 04:28

  本文选题：水平井　切入点：钻柱动力学　出处：《西南石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：气体钻井技术与水平井技术的结合,可有效发现与保护储层,并能增大泄油面积,大幅度提高采收率。但气体钻水平井或复杂结构井时,钻柱运动状态、井眼轨迹控制等领域仍然面临着关键技术难题和挑战。气体钻水平井的钻柱动力学特性、摩阻扭矩问题就是亟需解决的技术难题之一。 本文在大量调研国内外气体钻井钻柱动力学、水平井摩阻扭矩研究的相关文献基础上,展开了从理论研究、实验研究到建立有限元模型及结果分析等一系列的研究工作。对气体钻水平井水平段钻柱运动状态、摩阻扭矩问题进行了实验研究,利用实验结果建立了钻柱非线性有限元动力学模型。主要研究内容和成果如下： (1)基于相似理论及模型试验,系统地分析了各影响因素之间的关系,并确定了相关参数与相似基本判据之间的关系。以水平井井底旋转钻柱的实际结构为原型,根据相似原理建立了水平井钻柱动力学特性模拟实验装置。 (2)通过模拟实验对气体钻水平井井底钻压的波动规律进行研究,得到了钻压的波动频率与钻柱的自转频率的关系,分析了钻压的改变对钻压波动频率的影响,开展了钻压和转速的改变对钻压波动幅度的研究。 (3)对于152.4mm井身结构的水平井,在使用气体钻井时,通过实验研究得出了合适的钻压和转速组合,这种钻压和转速组合既可以保证快速破岩,又不会使钻柱产生剧烈振动。 (4)模拟实验表明转速的改变会影响钻柱所受的扭矩,旋转钻进时钻柱的切向速与轴向速度的关系决定了钻柱所受扭矩的大小；钻柱的旋转会使摩阻减小,为了降低摩阻,尽可能采用旋转钻井的方式。 (5)水平井底部钻柱受自身重力和井壁摩擦力的影响,其运动范围始终处于井眼的中下偏右部,钻压和转速的变化不会改变这一特性。对于水平段钻柱旋转钻进,不存在类似直井中的涡动现象。
[Abstract]:The combination of gas drilling technology and horizontal well technology can effectively find and protect the reservoir, increase the oil discharge area and greatly improve the recovery factor.However, when gas drilling horizontal wells or complex structure wells, drilling string movement state, well trajectory control and other fields are still facing key technical problems and challenges.The dynamic characteristics of drill string in gas drilling horizontal well, friction torque problem is one of the technical problems that need to be solved.In this paper, based on a large number of domestic and international gas drilling string dynamics, horizontal well friction torque research literature, from theoretical research, experimental research, the establishment of finite element model and results analysis and a series of research work.The movement state and friction torque of drill string in horizontal section of gas drilling are studied experimentally. The nonlinear finite element dynamic model of drill string is established by using the experimental results.The main contents and results of the study are as follows:1) based on the similarity theory and model test, the relationship between the influencing factors is analyzed systematically, and the relationship between the related parameters and the basic criterion of similarity is determined.Based on the actual structure of rotary drill string at bottom hole of horizontal well, a simulation experiment device for dynamic characteristics of drill string in horizontal well is established according to the principle of similarity.2) through the simulation experiment, the fluctuation law of bottom hole pressure in gas drilling horizontal well is studied, the relation between the wave frequency of drilling pressure and the rotation frequency of drill string is obtained, and the influence of the change of drilling pressure on the wave frequency of drilling pressure is analyzed.The variation of drilling pressure and rotation speed on the range of drilling pressure fluctuation was carried out.3) for horizontal wells with 152.4mm shaft structure, the proper combination of drilling pressure and rotating speed is obtained through experimental study when using gas drilling. This combination of drilling pressure and rotating speed can not only guarantee rapid rock breaking, but also do not make the drill string produce violent vibration.Simulation results show that the change of rotation speed will affect the torque of drill string, the relationship between the tangential velocity and axial velocity of drill string determines the torque of drill string, and the rotation of drill string will reduce the friction, in order to reduce the friction resistance,Use rotary drilling as much as possible.5) the bottom drill string of horizontal well is affected by its own gravity and friction force, and its motion range is always in the middle and lower right part of the hole, and the change of drilling pressure and rotational speed will not change this characteristic.For horizontal drill string rotary drilling, there is no vortex phenomenon similar to that in vertical well.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE243

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