阴—非离子表面活性剂的合成及驱油性能评价

发布时间：2018-04-06 23:23

  本文选题：阴-非离子表面活性剂　切入点：抗温抗盐　出处：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：磺酸盐型阴-非离子表面活性剂分子中S原子与C原子直接相连,表现突出的高温稳定性,同时磺酸根离子比其他阴离子基团具有更好的抗盐性,因此该表面活性剂能应用于高温高盐油藏驱油。本文合成了一系列聚醚磺酸盐并对其驱油性能进行研究,主要取得如下进展:(1)采用NaOH或甲醇钠制备醇钠,醇钠与2-氯乙基磺酸钠反应合成具有不同EO值、不同疏水基团的聚醚磺酸盐。单因素法优化A-7醚化反应合成条件,通过红外、核磁、质谱等方法验证产物为目标产物。(2)直链烷基醇聚醚磺酸盐随分子中EO链增长,其cmc和γcmc增大。支链T-7的 cmc 值大于 A-7,P-7的γcmc 高于 A-7。A-7、A-9、A-15、T-7 在 NaCl 浓度为 22× 104mg/L时无新相产生,烷基醇/酚聚醚磺酸盐溶解在3000mg/L Ca~(2+)溶液中均无沉淀生成。(3)随直链烷基醇聚醚磺酸盐EO链增长,体系油水界面张力先降低后增加,A-7、T-7体系界面张力低于P-7。A-7、A-9、T-7体系在NaCl浓度为10～22×104mg/L时,界面张力降至10-3～10-4mN/m。随Ca~(2+)浓度增加,聚醚磺酸盐体系界面张力先降低后增加。优选体系A-7、A-9、T-7在85℃、110℃烘箱放置90d后,其界面张力仍为10-2mN/m数量级。(4)T-7、A-7、A-9体系对含沥青质较高、烷烃碳数分布适宜的DK、YM原油降界面张力能力更强。煤油中加入胶质或沥青质能与直链A-7发生协同作用降低油水界面张力,其与支链T-7作用造成油水界面张力增加,饱和分或芳香分造成A-7、T-7体系油水界面张力增加。(5)相同油水比乳化体系,P-7乳化速率最快,P-7、T-7的乳化稳定高于A-7体系,P-7乳状液粒径分布细小均匀,中径为20.61um。经A-7、P-7、T-7体系作用后,亲水石英片保持亲水性,亲油石英片发生润湿反转。T-7、P-7聚醚磺酸盐在石英砂的吸附损失小于1mg/g砂。(6)驱油实验表明,岩心渗透率约为10×10-3um~2,降界面张力能力强的体系提高采收率更高。岩心渗透率约为50×10-3um~2,T-7、A-7、P-7体系提高采收率约为17%,P-7的乳化性能有利于提高采收率。
[Abstract]:The S atom of sulfonate anion-Nonionic surfactant molecule is directly connected with C atom, showing outstanding high temperature stability, and the sulfonate ion has better salt resistance than other anionic groups.Therefore, the surfactant can be used to drive oil in high temperature and high salt reservoirs.In this paper, a series of polyether sulfonates have been synthesized and their oil displacement properties have been studied. The main progress is as follows: (1) Sodium alcohol is prepared by NaOH or sodium methoxide. The reaction of sodium alcohol with sodium 2-chloroethyl sulfonate has different EO values.Polyether sulfonates with different hydrophobic groups.The synthesis conditions of A-7 etherification reaction were optimized by single factor method. It was verified by IR, NMR and MS that the product was the target product. The linear alkyl alcohol polyether sulfonate increased with the EO chain in the molecule, and its cmc and 纬 cmc increased.The interfacial tension of oil-water system decreases first and then increases. The interfacial tension of the system is lower than that of P-7.A-7 + A-9T _ 7 system. When the concentration of NaCl is 10 ~ 22 脳 104mg/L, the interfacial tension decreases to 10 ~ (-3) ~ 10 ~ (-4) mn 路m ~ (-1) 路m ~ (-1).The interfacial tension of polyether sulfonate system decreases firstly and then increases with the increase of Ca~(2 concentration.After being placed in the oven at 85 鈩，

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