基于特征点螺杆泵转子重构研究

发布时间：2018-04-08 16:17

本文选题：螺杆泵　切入点：特征点　出处：《东北石油大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：螺杆泵采油是一种人工举升方式,具有投资少、设备结构简单、操作方便、节能效果明显以及适应性强等特点,能较大提高采油效率,有效的降低采油成本,因此备受国内外油田重视。采油螺杆泵主要由偏心螺杆(转子)和带有螺旋腔的泵体(定子)两部分组成,在正常使用条件下的螺杆泵转子表面的主要失效形式是磨损,磨损类型有磨粒磨损、冲蚀磨损和腐蚀磨损,其中磨粒磨损的作用更明显。螺杆泵转子磨损机理研究中发现在凸出段转子的滑动速度最大,与定子的接触应力最大,所以会在转子表面形成一条螺旋形的磨损线,导致表面的镀铬层脱落。磨损达到一定程度之后不再能够使用,需要及时修复。破损修复的关键点是需要知道转子表面形貌,该形貌可以通过转子的参数方程进行表示,但是螺杆转子的加工参数是不可知的,在这种情况下对其进行修复工作,确定转子的具体参数成为研究的重点。本文根据螺杆泵的基础线型理论,基于螺杆泵转子的模型形成原理,建立了普通内摆线和短幅内摆线型单螺杆泵转子模型,阐述了打扣的根本原因,并且对打扣问题进行处理。在充分研究普通和短幅单螺杆转子的廓形曲线的基础理论上,结合三坐标测量机的工作测量特点,总结出基于特征点测量转子的方法,关键点是特征点的选择方法和转子重构过程中的计算方法。并且应用三坐标测量机对单头螺杆泵转子和五头螺杆钻具转子进行试验,验证了这种方法的正确性。对转子重构方式上进行研究,采用轴截面的建模方式,这种建模方式简单,便于实现。在已知轴截面两条曲线和螺距的条件下即可完成。采用点集合方式截取螺杆轴截面,形成通用的螺杆的轴截面的截取方法,建立了采油螺杆泵转子轴截面截取通用方程。并在五头螺杆钻具上进行试验验证。理论计算线型与实际测量线型相吻合,验证轴截面建模方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Screw pump oil recovery is a kind of manual lifting method, which has the characteristics of less investment, simple equipment structure, convenient operation, obvious energy-saving effect and strong adaptability. It can greatly improve the oil recovery efficiency and effectively reduce the oil production cost.Therefore, oil fields at home and abroad attach importance to it.The screw pump is mainly composed of two parts: eccentric screw (rotor) and pump body (stator) with spiral cavity. The main failure form of rotor surface of screw pump under normal operation condition is wear, and the wear type is abrasive wear.Erosion wear and corrosion wear, among which abrasive wear is more obvious.In the study of wear mechanism of screw pump rotor, it is found that the maximum sliding speed and contact stress between the rotor and the stator in the protruding section of the rotor will form a spiral wear line on the rotor surface, resulting in the chromium-plated layer on the surface of the rotor falling off.Wear to a certain extent no longer usable, need to be repaired in time.The key point of damage repair is to know the surface morphology of the rotor, which can be expressed by the rotor parameter equation, but the machining parameters of the screw rotor are unknown.Determining the specific parameters of the rotor becomes the focus of the research.Based on the basic linear theory of the screw pump and the forming principle of the rotor model of the screw pump, this paper establishes the rotor models of the common inner cycloid type and the short amplitude inner cycloid type single screw pump, expounds the fundamental causes of the punching, and deals with the problem of punching.On the basis of studying the profile curve of common and short amplitude single screw rotor, combined with the working characteristics of CMM, the method of measuring rotor based on feature point is summarized.The key points are the feature point selection method and the calculation method in rotor reconstruction process.The accuracy of this method is verified by using CMM to test the rotor of single screw pump and five head screw drill tool.The rotor reconstruction method is studied. The shaft section is used to model the rotor. This modeling method is simple and easy to realize.This can be done under the condition of two curves and pitch of known axial section.The common equation of shaft cross-section interception of screw pump rotor is established by using the point set method to intercept the shaft cross-section of the screw and to form a common method for intercepting the axial section of the screw.The test was carried out on the five-head screw drilling tool.The theoretical results agree well with the measured ones, and the validity of the method is verified.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TE933.3

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