煤电化学气化制合成气初探

发布时间：2018-04-09 13:37

本文选题：煤　切入点：煤气化　出处：《太原理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：基于我国典型的富煤、缺油、少气的能源结构特点，相较于世界其他国家，我国经济发展的能源消耗对煤炭的依赖性较大。预计在今后相当长的一段时间内，煤炭将会是我国可长久依赖的基础化石能源。合成气作为合成化工原料的一种基础原料气体，具有广泛的用途。以煤气化制合成气为龙头，可以制取基础化学品与燃料液体，也可以作为工业与民用的燃气，还可用来联合循环发电(IGCC)。虽然煤气化制合成气具有良好的发展前景，但是其仍然面临着一些问题，如能耗大、对设备的材质要求苛刻；工艺复杂、流程长；“三废”问题比较突出；技术复杂，设备庞大，固定资产投资巨大。然而煤电化学气化制合成气却可以避免这些缺点，具有反应条件温和；环境友好；工艺流程简单；煤质要求低的优点。本文通过煤电化学气化这一新型技术来制取合成气H2、CO，主要分三部分内容进行研究：⑴通过对煤浆恒电位电解及对煤电化学气化阳极产物气相色谱分析，系统地论证说明了煤电化学气化阳极气体的主要成分CO2、CO的四个来源：一、煤缓慢氧化所产生的并且吸附在煤粒子表面的CO2与CO气体；二、硫酸与煤中的碳酸盐及煤中类似于对苯醌结构的作用产生；三、煤粒子的表面官能团如羧酸与电极之间通过Kolbe-type的电化学反应，但这一过程产生的气体很少可以忽略不计；四、Fe3+离子对煤粒子的氧化反应。同时提出在析氧电势添加催化剂Fe2+离子的条件下进行电化学气化制取CO气体；⑵通过改变煤电化学气化的工艺条件阳极电势、Fe2+离子浓度、硫酸浓度、温度、煤浆浓度等因素，，研究他们对CO2/CO比值、CO2百分比含量与气体量、CO百分比含量与气体量及阳极气体量的影响。⑶利用傅立叶转换红外光谱技术分析煤表面官能团在电化学气化前后的变化来推导煤电化学气化反应的机理,同时提出煤电化学气化的阳极反应步骤及反应方程。
[Abstract]:Based on the typical energy structure characteristics of rich coal, lack of oil and less gas in China, compared with other countries in the world, the energy consumption of our country's economic development is more dependent on coal.It is expected that coal will be the base fossil energy of our country for a long time to come.Syngas, as a basic raw gas of synthetic chemical raw materials, has a wide range of applications.Based on coal gasification to produce syngas, basic chemicals and fuel liquids can be produced, industrial and civil gas can also be used, and combined cycle power generation can also be used for IGCC.Although the gasification of coal to syngas has a good development prospect, it still faces some problems, such as high energy consumption, demanding material requirements for equipment, complex technology, long process, outstanding "three wastes" problem, and complex technology.Huge equipment and huge investment in fixed assets.However, these disadvantages can be avoided by electrochemical gasification of coal, which has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, friendly environment, simple technological process and low coal quality requirements.In this paper, the synthesis gas H _ 2CO _ 2 was prepared by the new technology of coal electrochemical gasification. The main contents were divided into three parts: 1. Through the constant potential electrolysis of coal slurry and the gas chromatographic analysis of anode product of coal electrochemical gasification,The four sources of CO _ 2CO, the main component of anode gas in coal electrochemical gasification, are systematically demonstrated: first, the CO2 and CO gases produced by slow oxidation of coal and adsorbed on the surface of coal particles;(3) the surface functional groups of coal particles, such as carboxylic acid and electrode, react by Kolbe-type, but the gas produced by this process is rarely negligible, and the interaction between sulfuric acid and carbonates in coal and coal is similar to the structure of p-benzoquinone, third, the electrochemical reaction between the surface functional groups of coal particles such as carboxylic acid and electrode is rarely negligible.Oxidation of coal particles by Fe _ 3 ion.At the same time, under the condition of oxygen evolution potential adding catalyst Fe2 ion, CO gas can be prepared by electrochemical gasification by changing the technological conditions of coal electrochemical gasification, such as concentration of Fe 2 ion, concentration of sulfuric acid, temperature, concentration of coal slurry, etc.The effect of CO2/CO ratio on CO _ 2 percent content, CO _ 2 percent content, CO _ 2 content and Anodic Gas content. Using Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy to analyze the changes of functional groups on Coal Surface before and after Electrochemical GasificationTo deduce the mechanism of coal electrochemical gasification,At the same time, the anodic reaction step and reaction equation of coal electrochemical gasification are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ546;TE665.3

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