天然气门站流量监控系统设计与软件实现

发布时间：2018-04-14 08:12

本文选题：天然气门站 + 流量监控　；参考：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：天然气门站是天然气输配系统中的重要节点。天然气门站对长输管线输送过来的天然气进行调压限流、过滤等处理后,作为气源点,为广大居民提供安全、稳定、清洁的天然气供应。同时天然气门站还承担着天然气流量计量的任务,因关系到贸易双方的利益,所以必须对天然气流量进行精确计量。基于对门站生产活动实时监控和流量精确计量的要求,本文旨在设计一套具有一定通用性和较高自动化程度的天然气门站流量监控系统。本文以天然气门站流量监控系统改造升级项目为背景,采用力控监控组态软件、专用流量计算机和西门子PLC,设计并开发一套上下位机结构的天然气门站流量监控系统,以满足中小型门站的监控需求。本文首先从门站典型的工艺流程出发,对门站进行需求分析,进而得出流量监控系统的总体结构框图以及软硬件集成方案。下位机系统可分为流量计量单元和阀门控制单元两个部分；本文重点设计阀门控制单元的结构,分析阀门控制所需的I/O信号；为了实现阀门控制的高可靠性,对阀门控制单元进行冗余设计,分析S7-400硬冗余结构的组成；采用PID算法实现电动调节阀的自动控制方式;最后对阀门控制单元进行硬件组态,开发阀门控制程序。上位机流量监控软件是本文实现的重点。利用力控灵活的“组态”方式,可以在较短时间内开发出一款功能齐全、性能稳定的监控软件。上位机监控软件在工业以太网上采用Modbus/TCP协议实现与流量计算机和PLC的数据通信；提供友好的用户界面,协助用户实时监测工艺流程、生产数据、设备状态等信息,设置现场设备的参数等；将采集的生产数据周期性转储到关系数据库中,利用SQL脚本对流量和单参数数据进行统计分析；还支持历史数据、趋势曲线、统计报表的查询及打印输出等功能；当系统出现异常情况时,能及时向用户报警,并记录报警信息和事件信息。本文最后对流量监控软件的主要功能进行测试,包括上下位机间的通信,监控画面的实时变化,参数设置,历史数据、趋势曲线、统计报表的查询,用户管理等功能。总体上看,本系统达到了设计目标,能够满足中小规模的天然气门站对气体流量的监控需求,提高了门站生产管理的效率,为今后通用型流量监控软件研发提供了一个实践的思路。
[Abstract]:Natural gas gate station is an important node in natural gas transmission and distribution system.The natural gas gate station is used as a gas source to provide safe, stable and clean natural gas supply for the majority of residents after the treatment of regulating pressure and limiting the flow and filtering of the natural gas transported by the long distance pipeline.At the same time, the gas gate station also undertakes the task of natural gas Flowmeter, because it is related to the interests of both sides of the trade, it is necessary to accurately measure the natural gas flow.Based on the requirements of real-time monitoring and accurate flow measurement of gate station production activity, this paper aims to design a set of natural gas gate station flow monitoring system with certain generality and high automation level.Based on the upgrading project of flow monitoring system of natural gas gate station, this paper designs and develops a flow monitoring system of natural gas gate station using force control configuration software, special flow computer and Siemens PLC.To meet the monitoring needs of small and medium gate stations.Based on the typical technological process of the gate station, this paper analyzes the requirements of the gate station, and then obtains the overall structure of the flow monitoring system and the software and hardware integration scheme.The lower computer system can be divided into two parts: flow measurement unit and valve control unit. In this paper, the structure of valve control unit is designed, and the I / O signal needed for valve control is analyzed.The redundancy design of valve control unit is carried out, the composition of S7-400 hard redundant structure is analyzed; the automatic control mode of electric control valve is realized by PID algorithm; finally, the hardware configuration of valve control unit is carried out and the valve control program is developed.Upper computer flow monitoring software is the focus of this paper.By using the flexible configuration mode of force control, a monitoring software with complete function and stable performance can be developed in a short time.The upper computer monitoring software uses Modbus/TCP protocol to realize the data communication with the flow computer and the PLC on the industrial Ethernet, provides the friendly user interface, assists the user to monitor the process flow, the production data, the equipment status and so on in real time.Set the parameters of the field equipment, periodically dump the collected production data to the relational database, use the SQL script to analyze the flow and single parameter data, and also support the historical data, the trend curve, and so on.The functions of query and print output of statistical report form can alarm the user in time and record alarm information and event information when the system is abnormal.Finally, this paper tests the main functions of the flow monitoring software, including the communication between the upper and lower computers, the real-time change of the monitor screen, the parameter setting, the historical data, the trend curve, the query of the statistical report, the user management and so on.On the whole, the system has achieved the design goal, which can meet the gas flow monitoring requirements of medium and small scale gas gate stations, and improve the efficiency of gate station production management.It provides a practical idea for the research and development of general flow monitoring software in the future.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE97;TP277

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