原油管输过程普遍化的（火用）传递特性研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 14:17

本文选题：传递过程 + 含蜡原油　；参考：《东北石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：管道运输是我国原油最主要的运输方式,而我国所产原油80%以上为易凝高黏原油,所以管道运行的能耗和输油成本很高。以热力学的角度分析含蜡原油管输过程,运用（火用）的传递和转换理论分析管输过程中的用能实质,对管道系统的节能降耗具有理论指导意义。本文首先根据工程实际中普遍存在的传递现象,对传递过程的热力学力和热力学流进行了普遍化描述,由此提出了热力学体系（火用）的概念与分类,运用普遍能位函数的概念以及相关张量分析的方法,推导出了普遍化的能量及（火用）传递方程,结合（火用）传递方程,总结了普遍化的（火用）传递和转换关系;通过建立含蜡原油管输过程的场平衡方程即（火用）传递基本方程组,解得热（火用）传递方程、压（火用）传递方程和扩散（火用）传递方程,并对不同形式（火用）之间的传递和转换规律和特征进行了研究;推导出了管输原油过程的（火用）传递唯象方程,综合（火用）传递唯象方程与（火用）传递动力学基本方程,得到管输过程的不同形式（火用）传递系数和（火用）流密度的数学表达式,并进一步研究了它们的变化规律及其影响因素,分别分析了在不同工况下热（火用）、压（火用）和扩散（火用）的传递特性;基于普遍过程的场协同机制,提出多势场（火用）传递问题,通过对含蜡原油管输过程的势场组成分析,结合多势场（火用）传递唯象定律,得出含蜡原油管输过程的多势场（火用）传递唯象方程,并实例分析了（火用）传递特征指标的场影响因子,为深入研究含蜡原油管输过程输送机理提供了理论基础。
[Abstract]:Pipeline transportation is the most important transportation mode of crude oil in China, and more than 80% of the crude oil produced in our country is easy to coagulate and high viscosity crude oil, so the energy consumption and oil transportation cost of pipeline operation are very high.This paper analyzes the pipeline transportation process of waxy crude oil from the viewpoint of thermodynamics, and analyzes the substance of energy use in pipeline transportation process by using exergy transfer and conversion theory, which is of theoretical significance to the energy saving and consumption reduction of pipeline system.In this paper, the thermodynamic force and thermodynamic flow of the transfer process are generalized according to the widespread transfer phenomena in engineering practice, and the concept and classification of the exergy system are put forward.By using the concept of universal energy potential function and the method of Zhang Liang's analysis, the generalized energy and exergy transfer equations are derived, combined with exergy transfer equations, and the generalized exergy transfer and transformation relations are summarized.The heat exergy transfer equation, pressure exergy transfer equation and diffusion exergy transfer equation are obtained by establishing the field equilibrium equation of waxy crude oil pipeline transportation process.The transfer and transformation laws and characteristics between different forms of exergy are studied, and the exergy transfer phenomenological equation of pipeline crude oil transportation process is derived.By synthesizing the exergy transfer phenomenological equation and exergy transfer kinetics basic equation, the mathematical expressions of exergy transfer coefficient and exergy flow density are obtained.Furthermore, the law of their variation and their influencing factors are studied, and the transfer characteristics of exergy (exergy, exergy) and diffusion (exergy) under different working conditions are analyzed respectively, and the field synergy mechanism based on universal process is analyzed.This paper puts forward the problem of exergy transfer of waxy crude oil. By analyzing the composition of potential field in pipeline transportation process of waxy crude oil and combining with the phenomenological law of multi-potential field (exergy) transfer, the phenomenological equation of multi-potential field (exergy) transfer in pipeline transportation process of waxy crude oil is obtained.The field influence factors of exergy transfer characteristic index are analyzed by an example, which provides a theoretical basis for further study on the conveying mechanism of waxy crude oil pipeline transportation process.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE832

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