聚合物泡沫在多孔介质中的非稳态流动

发布时间：2018-04-16 19:32

本文选题：聚合物泡沫 + 多孔介质　；参考：《东北石油大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：与水泡沫相比,聚合物泡沫因其液相的非Newton性,增加了其液膜的粘性,减缓了液膜排液时间,降低了气体扩散速度,增强了泡沫稳定性,进而可提高驱油效率。本文拟研究聚合物泡沫在多孔介质中的一维非稳态流动,其研究成果可为聚合物驱后的聚合物泡沫驱提供必要的理论支撑。由总量平衡原理,推导了聚合物泡沫在多孔介质中流动的气泡总量平衡方程；并在泡沫液相、气相质量守恒和气泡总量平衡方程的基础上,建立了聚合物泡沫在多孔介质中的一维非稳态流动的数学模型；同时也给出了作为聚合物泡沫特殊形式的水泡沫在多孔介质中的一维非稳态流动的数学模型。由有限差分方法,给出了聚合物泡沫和水泡沫在多孔介质中的一维非稳态流动的数值模型；并针对上述数值模型给出了用IMPES方法数值求解的数学模型中质量守恒方程的差分方程,用TVD三阶方法数值求解的总量平衡方程的差分方程的数值计算方法。由上述数值计算方法,编制了“聚合物泡沫在多孔介质中一维非稳态流动的数值计算”程序及“水泡沫在多孔介质中一维非稳态流动的数值计算”程序。通过HPAM泡沫和水泡沫在人造砂岩岩心中的流动实验,并采用Levenberg-Marquardt算法,建立了HPAM泡沫和水泡沫在人造砂岩岩心中一维非稳态流动的产生系数和聚并系数随泡沫液相视粘度及岩心渗透率变化的关联公式；并验证了聚合物泡沫在多孔介质中的一维非稳态流动的数学模型及相应的数值计算方法的正确性。由“聚合物泡沫在多孔介质中一维非稳态流动的数值计算”程序,对HPAM泡沫在人造砂岩岩心中的一维非稳态流动进行了数值计算和分析,得到了上述HPAM泡沫在人造砂岩岩心中的一维非稳态流动的含液饱和度、压降、泡沫密度对无因次距离的分布和压降对无因次时间的变化规律。通过对HPAM泡沫在人造砂岩岩心中一维非稳态流动的稳态压降梯度与液相注入速率和气相注入速率的关系的数值计算的结果表明,HPAM泡沫在人造砂岩岩心中流动的稳态压降梯度,随液相注入速率的增加而增加,且随液相流性指数的降低,液相偏离Newton流体的程度的加大,其增加的速率升高；HPAM泡沫的稳态压降梯度随气相注入速率的增加基本不变；且随液相流性指数的降低而升高。通过对HPAM泡沫在人造砂岩岩心中一维非稳态流动的液相流性指数对含液饱和度、压降及泡沫密度的影响的数值计算的结果表明,随着HPAM泡沫液相流性指数的降低,含液饱和度前缘流动速度加快,含液饱和度升高；随着HPAM泡沫液相流性指数的降低,压降值升高,液相为非Newton流体的HPAM泡沫的压降明显大于液相为Newton流体的水泡沫压降；液相为非Newton流体的HPAM泡沫压降相对无因次时间增加比液相为Newton流体的水泡沫要快,且稳态压降要大于水泡沫的稳态压降。随着HPAM泡沫液相流性指数的降低,HPAM泡沫泡沫密度前缘流动速度变快,泡沫密度有增加的趋势；液相为非Newton流体的HPAM泡沫的泡沫密度要高于液相为Newton流体的水泡沫密度。通过对HPAM泡沫在人造砂岩岩心中一维非稳态流动的岩心渗透率对含液饱和度、压降及泡沫密度的影响的数值计算的结果表明,随着岩心渗透率的降低,HPAM泡沫含液饱和度前缘流动速度加快,HPAM泡沫流动前缘上游的含液饱和度基本不变。不同渗透率的人造砂岩岩心中HPAM泡沫非稳态流动压降近似相等。随着岩心渗透率的增大,压降有增高的趋势。HPAM泡沫流动前缘上游流动泡沫密度随着人造砂岩岩心渗透率的降低而降低。最后,对聚驱后的人造砂岩岩心中的三种基本注入方式进行了数值计算与分析。结果表明,相对于聚驱后的聚合物驱和气驱、泡沫驱可在人造砂岩岩心中形成泡沫活塞,压降大,驱油效率高。
[Abstract]:Compared with water foam, foam polymer because of its liquid phase non Newton, increase the liquid viscosity, slows the liquid discharge time, reduce the gas diffusion velocity, enhance the foam stability, which can improve the oil displacement efficiency. This paper intends to study the one-dimensional polymer foam in porous media in unsteady flow and the research results can provide necessary theoretical support for the polymer foam flooding after polymer flooding. The total balance principle, the total balance equation of the bubble polymer foam flow in porous medium; and bubbles in the liquid phase, gas phase mass and bubble population balance equation, the mathematical model of one-dimensional polymers was established foam in porous media flow; and the mathematical model of one-dimensional polymer foam as a special form of water foam in porous media is presented. The non steady flow by Co. Finite difference method, numerical model gives polymer foam and water foam in porous media of one-dimensional unsteady flow; mass conservation equation and a mathematical model is given for the numerical model use the IMPES method to solve the differential equations, numerical calculation of the total balance equation of numerical solution with TVD three order difference method the differential equation method. By the numerical calculation method, the preparation of the "polymer foam in porous media of one-dimensional unsteady flow numerical calculation program" and "water foam in porous media of one-dimensional unsteady flow numerical calculation program. Through the HPAM foam and water bubbles in the artificial sandstone rock core flow experiment, and the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, generation coefficient and aggregation coefficient established HPAM foam and water bubbles in the artificial sandstone cores of one-dimensional unsteady flow with the foam liquid phase viscosity and rock Correlation formula of permeability variation in the heart; and verifies the correctness of the calculation method of mathematical model of one-dimensional polymer foam in porous medium in unsteady flow and corresponding numerical. The polymer foam in porous media of one-dimensional unsteady flow numerical calculation program, the one-dimensional HPAM foam in artificial sandstone cores of non steady state the flow is calculated and analyzed, including the fluid saturation, the one-dimensional HPAM foam in the artificial sandstone of the non steady flow pressure drop, the foam density distribution of pressure drop and the dimensionless distance on the variation of dimensionless time. Numerical calculation of phase injection rate relationship by steady pressure gradient and liquid of HPAM foam in the artificial sandstone one-dimensional unsteady flow phase and injection rate. The result shows that the steady-state pressure gradient of HPAM foam flow in artificial sandstone cores And with the liquid injection rate increases, and the decrease of the liquid flow index, increase the liquid phase deviation of Newton fluid level, increase the rate of increase; the steady-state pressure gradient of HPAM foam as the gas injection rate increased basically unchanged; increased and decreased with increasing liquid flow index HPAM. Based on the bubble in the artificial sandstone one-dimensional unsteady flow of the liquid flow index of liquid saturation, numerical calculation on pressure drop and foam density. The result shows that the HPAM foam decreased with the liquid flow index, fluid saturation front flow speed, liquid saturation decreases with increasing; HPAM foam liquid flow index, the pressure drop increases, the pressure drop of the liquid phase non Newton fluid HPAM foam was significantly higher than that of the liquid phase is water bubble pressure drop Newton fluid; liquid phase for HPAM foam pressure drop of fluid phase of non Newton The dimensionless time increased to Newton water faster than the foam liquid, pressure drop and pressure drop is greater than the steady state water bubble. Decreased with the liquid flow index of HPAM foam, HPAM foam density front flow faster, the foam density increased; liquid foam density of non Newton fluid HPAM the foam is higher than that of liquid phase water foam density of Newton fluid. The permeability of HPAM foam in the artificial sandstone one-dimensional unsteady flow of fluid saturation, numerical calculation on pressure drop and foam density. The result shows that with the decrease of core permeability, HPAM foam fluid saturation front flow speed the liquid saturation containing foam flow upstream of the HPAM front is basically the same. The artificial sandstone cores with different permeability of HPAM foam non steady flow pressure drop is approximately equal. With the increase of permeability Large pressure drop bubble upstream trend of.HPAM foam flow leading edge flow with high density decreases with decreasing artificial sandstone core permeability. Finally, three kinds of basic injection method in the numerical calculation and analysis of artificial sandstone cores after polymer flooding. The results show that the displacement and displacement relative to the polymer flooding after polymer foam. The formation of foam flooding in artificial sandstone piston, large pressure drop, oil displacement efficiency is high.

【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE357.46

【参考文献】