榆齐天然气长输管道能效分析

发布时间：2018-04-17 11:14

本文选题：天然气长输管道 + 离心压缩机　；参考：《西南石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今世界,能源已成为发展的重点,各国不断加大传统能源和新能源的勘探开发力度,而且同时积极研究探索节能技术,从而提高能源利用率。我国天然气工业发展迅速,目前已经建成多条天然气长输管道,从而形成了结构复杂的天然气管网系统。多年来,在天然气管道运行管理方面积累了一定经验,但是相比于发达国家,我国天然气管道存在运行能耗高的缺点,而国内对此方面的研究较少。榆齐天然气长输管道由于气源气质变化、天然气输量及分输量调整等因素,造成该管道的能耗起伏不定,给管道的节能管理工作带来了困难。基于这样的背景,提出本文的研究课题,并进行了以下内容的研究：为了能对管道能耗进行准确计算,需要先对管道中最主要的耗能部件——离心压缩机性能进行准确描述。根据资料中的压缩机设计工况下性能曲线来求解实际工况下的特性方程,具体步骤为：先将压缩机设计工况下性能曲线数值化；之后运用相似换算原理将得到的设计工况下的特性参数转化为实际工况下参数；最后采用“分步拟合法”将实际工况下的特性参数拟合为关于转速和流量的特性方程。结合实际工况下压缩机特性方程计算出压缩机一定时间段内的理论能耗,并与压缩机该时间段内实际能耗进行对比,再进行误差原因分析、提出误差修正方法。并在此基础上,测算压气站、管道单位周转量耗能。提取压缩机及管段能耗的影响因素,并将各因素与压缩机轴功率进行拟合,进而判断各因素对能耗影响程度的大小。利用Excel-VBA编制计算程序,来完成天然气物性参数计算、压缩机流量计算及压缩机实际运行参数的计算进而计算压缩机能耗。根据榆齐管道能耗结构特点建立合适的能效指标体系,采用层次分析法对能效指标进行评价分析,评价管道中各设备单元的能效水平。通过上述的研究工作,编制的程序实现了对榆林首站压缩机能耗较准确的计算。确定了影响管道能耗的主要因素,提出了降低能耗的措施。通过对管道的能效分析找出管道中能效较低的管段,分析了某些月份管道能效较低的原因,结合能效分析的结果提出管道中设备单元改进的建议。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, energy has become the focus of development. Countries have been increasing the exploration and development of traditional and new energy sources, and at the same time, actively researching and exploring energy-saving technologies to improve energy efficiency.With the rapid development of natural gas industry in China, many long-distance natural gas pipelines have been built, thus forming a complicated natural gas pipeline network system.Over the years, some experience has been accumulated in the operation and management of natural gas pipelines. However, compared with the developed countries, the natural gas pipelines in China have the disadvantages of high energy consumption, but the domestic research on this aspect is less.Due to the change of gas source temperament and the adjustment of natural gas transport volume and distribution the energy consumption of Yumqi long distance gas pipeline fluctuates and brings difficulties to the energy saving management of the pipeline.Based on this background, the research topic of this paper is put forward, and the following contents are studied:In order to calculate accurately the energy consumption of pipeline, it is necessary to describe the performance of centrifugal compressor, which is the most important energy dissipation component in pipeline.According to the performance curve of compressor design condition in the data, the characteristic equation under actual working condition is solved. The concrete steps are as follows: firstly, the performance curve of compressor under design condition is numerically calculated;After that, the characteristic parameters under the design condition are transformed into the parameters under the actual working condition by using the similarity conversion principle, and the characteristic parameters under the actual working condition are fitted to the characteristic equations about the speed and flow rate by using the "stepwise fitting method".The theoretical energy consumption of the compressor in a certain period of time is calculated according to the compressor characteristic equation under the actual working conditions, and compared with the actual energy consumption of the compressor in that time period, then the error cause analysis is carried out, and the error correction method is put forward.On the basis of this, the energy consumption per unit turnover of pipeline is calculated.The influencing factors of energy consumption of compressor and pipe segment are extracted and fitted to the compressor shaft power to judge the degree of influence of each factor on energy consumption.The calculation program is compiled by Excel-VBA to calculate the physical parameters of natural gas, the flow rate of compressor and the actual operating parameters of compressor, and then calculate the energy consumption of compressor.According to the characteristics of energy consumption structure of Yuqi pipeline, a suitable energy efficiency index system was established, and the energy efficiency index was evaluated by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to evaluate the energy efficiency level of each equipment unit in the pipeline.Through the above research work, the program has realized the accurate calculation of the compressor energy consumption in Yulin first station.The main factors affecting pipeline energy consumption are determined and the measures to reduce energy consumption are put forward.Based on the analysis of pipeline energy efficiency, the paper finds out the lower energy efficiency section of pipeline, analyzes the reasons of low efficiency in some months, and puts forward some suggestions for improvement of equipment unit in pipeline.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE973

【参考文献】