调质重油制备及磁化机理初探

发布时间：2018-04-17 14:05

本文选题：磁化 + 调质重油　；参考：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随工业的迅速发展,化石能源过度使用,能源危机和环境污染问题受到广泛关注。用于重油调质的掺水技术和磁化技术因具有节能减排的双重功效而成为研发热点。本文概括了国内外燃油掺水及磁化技术的发展历程,分析概括了燃油掺水节能减排机理及磁化机理。采用微搅拌结合磁化技术制备无添加剂调质重油,确定装置的优化制备参数,研究磁化重油物性变化及结构变化。采用机械微搅拌技术,制备水珠粒径细小的调质重油。在此基础上制备磁化掺水重油,分析磁化对重油水珠平均粒径的影响。研究表明,掺水率越小,水珠平均粒径越小。输入油/水压力大,即油/水流量大时,磁化处理对于水珠粒径的减小效果明显。优化的制备参数:电机转速1300rpm,油流量0.74m~3/h,水流量27L/h,磁感强度为300mT。此时磁化掺水重油中粒径小于5μm水珠占99.7%,重油掺水率为3.65%。研究磁化重油物性及结构变化。以磁化时间和磁感应强度作为变量,研究磁化对重油粘度和表面张力的影响。运用傅立叶变换红外分光光度法、气相色谱法以及分子荧光分光光度法研究磁化对重油官能团、正构烷烃及多环芳烃荧光特性的影响。磁化能降低重油粘度和表面张力,但有效时长不超过20min。300mT磁场磁化重油,最高降粘率达20%以上,表面张力约降低10%。磁化不影响重油官能团种类。磁化影响正构烷烃轻重碳数组分占比,且影响程度随磁化时间增长而增加。磁化60min后,150mT、300mT磁场处理重油使正构烷烃C_(10)-C_(21)占比分别增加2.1%、3.7%。300mT磁场处理重油可使芳烃特征峰荧光强度降低10%以上。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of industry, the problem of excessive use of fossil energy, energy crisis and environmental pollution has received extensive attention.The technology of mixing water and magnetization for heavy oil conditioning has become a research hotspot because of its dual functions of energy saving and emission reduction.This paper summarizes the development history of fuel water mixing and magnetization technology at home and abroad, analyzes and summarizes the energy saving and emission reduction mechanism and magnetization mechanism of fuel water blending.The modified heavy oil without additives was prepared by microstirring and magnetization technology. The optimized preparation parameters were determined and the physical and structural changes of magnetized heavy oil were studied.The modified heavy oil with fine diameter of water droplets was prepared by mechanical microstirring technique.On this basis, the effect of magnetization on the average particle size of heavy oil droplets was analyzed.The results show that the smaller the water content, the smaller the average diameter of water droplets.When the input oil / water pressure is high, that is, when the oil / water flow rate is large, the effect of magnetization on the reduction of water droplet size is obvious.The optimized preparation parameters are as follows: motor speed 1300rpm, oil flow rate 0.74mg / h, water flow rate 27L / h, magnetic induction intensity 300mT.At this time, the diameter of water droplets less than 5 渭 m in magnetized water heavy oil is 99.7%, and the water ratio of heavy oil is 3.65%.The physical properties and structural changes of magnetized heavy oil were studied.The effect of magnetization on the viscosity and surface tension of heavy oil was studied by using magnetization time and magnetic induction intensity as variables.The effects of magnetization on the fluorescence characteristics of heavy oil functional groups, n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry, gas chromatography and molecular fluorescence spectrophotometry.Magnetization can reduce the viscosity and surface tension of heavy oil, but the effective time is not longer than that of 20min.300mT magnetic field. The maximum viscosity reduction rate is more than 20%, and the surface tension is reduced by about 10%.Magnetization does not affect the type of heavy oil functional groups.Magnetization affects the fraction of light and heavy carbon arrays of n-alkanes, and the degree of influence increases with the increase of magnetization time.After magnetization of 60min, the heavy oil treated by magnetic field of 150mT / 300mT can increase the proportion of n-alkane Che / C _ (10) C _ (21) by 2.1% and 3.70.300mT magnetic field treatment can reduce the fluorescence intensity of the characteristic peak of aromatics by more than 10%.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE624

【相似文献】