大功率方形腔液力变矩器性能及其应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 18:23

本文选题：大功率方形腔液力变矩器 + 压裂泵车　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的快速发展以及石油、天燃气等能源的急剧紧缺,对页岩气的大规模开采与利用势在必行,而压裂泵车作为一种重要的页岩气压裂开采设备,其应用与发展备受关注。液力传动是当前压裂泵车最常用的传动方式,其主要元件液力变矩器的自身性能及与车台发动机之间的匹配情况对压裂泵车的整机性能有着十分重要的影响。目前压裂泵车上所采用的液力变矩器多为向心式涡轮液力变矩器,此类变矩器的泵轮转矩系数变化较大,具有较大的正透穿性,使得压裂泵车在变矩工况下作业时,随着负载的变化,车台发动机的转速与转矩变化较大,从而导致其不能在高效区稳定工作。而方形腔液力变矩器的泵轮转矩系数变化较小,能够充分利用车台发动机的功率,提高压裂泵车整机的作业效率。基于此,以某型压裂泵车为应用对象,设计了一款大功率方形腔液力变矩器,并对其性能及其在压裂泵车上的应用进行了研究。主要研究内容及结论如下。(1)利用CFD技术分别计算了参考样机在忽略与设置压力边界条件时的原始特性参数,并将计算结果与试验数据进行对比分析,得出了设置压力边界条件是可以准确预测方形腔液力变矩器特性的仿真计算方法。利用相似设计方法设计出了大功率方形腔液力变矩器的循环圆,确定其有效直径为705 mm。应用等倾角射影法设计了大功率方形腔液力变矩器的泵轮、涡轮及导轮叶片,并采用设置压力边界条件的方法对新设计的大功率方形腔液力变矩器进行了数值模拟计算,分析了其内部流场速度与压力的分布规律,并对其性能进行了预测。(2)根据某型压裂泵车车台发动机和大功率方形腔液力变矩器的特性参数建立了两者的数学模型,并进行了静态匹配计算,得出了车台发动机和大功率方形腔液力变矩器的共同工作输入特性、共同工作输出特性以及共同工作点的转速变化范围,分析了匹配结果的合理性。并对共同工作下变速箱的输出特性进行了计算,为压裂作业动力传动系统联合输出特性的计算提供了参数。(3)分析了压裂泵的结构参数及特性,并在车台发动机与大功率方形腔液力变矩器共同工作输出特性的基础上,结合变速箱及压裂泵的参数,对换装大功率方形腔液力变矩器之后压裂泵车动力传动系统的联合输出流量与压力进行了计算,分析了传动系统的联合输出特性,得出了联合输出流量与压力满足压裂施工工艺要求。然后基于某型压裂车组在某探井压裂施工时的实测数据,采用MATLAB/Simulink建立了压裂作业动力传动系统的动态匹配模型并进行了仿真计算。通过对比换装大功率方形腔液力变矩器前后动力传动系统的联合输出流量及压裂泵的驱动功率,得出换装后压裂泵车的动力性有明显的提高。同时,对动态匹配计算出的车台发动机比燃油消耗率和燃油消耗量进行了分析,得出了换装后的压裂泵车具有较好的经济性。此外,对压裂作业时的液力变矩器效率进行了分析,进一步验证了所设计的大功率方形腔液力变矩器与车台发动机、压裂泵的匹配较为合理。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, petroleum, natural gas and other energy shortage, the large-scale exploitation of shale gas and it is imperative to use, and the fracturing pump as an important split shale gas mining equipment, the application and development of hydraulic transmission is concerned. When the drive before fracturing pump truck most commonly used. Have a very important influence the performance of the matching between the main components of hydraulic torque converter and its performance with the car engine for fracturing pump truck. The present fracturing pump on the torque converter for centripetal turbine hydraulic torque converter pump wheel torque change such torque for larger, with positive penetrating larger, the fracturing pump vehicle in torque condition, the change of the load, the speed and the torque change engine car is larger, which cannot work in the high efficiency area stability . changes of pump wheel torque and the square cavity of hydraulic torque converter is small, can make full use of the power car engine, improving the fracturing pump the working efficiency. Based on this, to a certain type of fracturing pump as the application object, designed a high-power square cavity hydraulic torque converter, and the the performance and application in fracturing pump vehicle were studied. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows. (1) the parameters of the original characteristics of reference prototype in neglect and set pressure when the boundary conditions were calculated by CFD technique, and the calculation results and the experimental data were analyzed, the calculation method of pressure boundary condition is set up the accurate prediction of square cavity simulation characteristics of torque converter can. Using similar design methods to design a high power square cavity hydraulic torque converter circle, determining the effective diameter of 705 mm. design application of angle projection method The square cavity high power pump wheel torque converter, turbine and guide vane, and the method of setting pressure boundary condition of numerical simulation of high power square cavity design new hydraulic torque converter, analyzes the distribution of the internal flow field of velocity and pressure, and its performance is predicted. (2) the mathematical model is established according to the characteristic parameters of a certain type of fracturing pump car engine and high power square cavity hydraulic torque converter, and the static matching calculation, the car engine and the high power square cavity hydraulic torque converter with input characteristics, speed range of work output characteristics and common work, analyzes the rationality of the matching result. And the output characteristics of the work under the gearbox was calculated, calculated as the output characteristic of power transmission system provides reference of fracturing operation. Number. (3) analyzed the structural parameters and characteristics of fracturing pump, and variable output characteristics of converter working together in the car engine with high power hydraulic square cavity, combined with the parameters of gearbox and fracturing pump, combined with the output flow and pressure after fracturing pump power transmission system of installed high-power square cavity hydraulic torque converter was calculated, analyzed the output characteristics of the transmission system, the combined output flow and pressure to meet the requirements of fracturing process. Then a certain type of fracturing truck based on a well fracturing data, using MATLAB/Simulink to establish the dynamic power transmission system matching model and fracturing operation. In the simulation experiment. The driving power of joint output flow and fracturing pump by comparing the installed high-power square cavity hydraulic torque converter and power transmission system, the car change obtained after fracturing pump The power is increased significantly. At the same time, the dynamic matching of the calculated vehicle engine fuel consumption rate and fuel consumption are analyzed, the fracturing pump truck after replacement has a better economy. In addition, the analysis of the fracturing operation of the TorqueConverter efficiency, further verified high power square chamber hydraulic torque converter and the design of the car engine, fracturing pump is more reasonable.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE934.2

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