页岩油泥中页岩油回收的研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 20:33

  本文选题：页岩油泥 + 表面活性剂　； 参考：《东北电力大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：页岩油泥是油页岩干馏生产过程中产生的含油量很高的废弃物。在油页岩干馏过程中,破碎之后的油页岩经过干馏炉低温热解,会产出页岩油蒸汽、瓦斯气、水蒸气等油气挥发产物,导出的气体中包含破碎过程中没有被筛掉的、运输及摩擦过程产生的页岩粉尘,进而形成一种包含油、水、粉尘等的半固体状的亲油性物质。回收页岩油泥中的页岩油,降低油泥对环境的危害,减少资源的浪费。本文利用热水洗涤法与有机试剂萃取相结合的方法处理页岩油泥,得到最优的试验工况,对试验的产物进行研究。采用热水洗涤法处理龙口页岩油泥。利用纯水清洗页岩油泥,考察液固比、搅拌频率、清洗温度、清洗时间对油回收的影响,确定纯水清洗的最佳工况。经过试剂筛选、复配,确定试剂配方为OP-10:Na2SiO3=1:3。通过正交试验优化工况,试验结果表明:温度70℃,搅拌频率330 r/min,清洗时间30 min,液固比为5:1,OP-10:Na2SiO3=1:3的浓度为6.0 g/L,含油率为60.31%的页岩油泥经过热化学法清洗后,残油率为2.84%。通过比较极差的大小,各因素对清洗效果影响的大小顺序为:试剂浓度温度液固比搅拌频率。在清洗试验后,清洗液可以循环使用,剩余的油泥渣制作成砖,进而减少对环境的二次污染。有机试剂萃取页岩油泥,利用四氯化碳、二氯甲烷、石油醚、乙醇分别萃取油泥,试验结果表明:当萃取时间为36h时,萃取率趋于稳定,萃取率分别为:75.93%、87.02%、80.65%、90.38%。组合方式处理页岩油泥,利用LAS、OP-10、Na2SiO3分别清洗油泥,利用四氯化碳、二氯甲烷、石油醚、乙醇分别萃取清洗后的油泥,萃取时间为36h,结果表明:Na2SiO3清洗与二氯甲烷萃取组合处理油泥的除油率较高,除油率为58.97%;油泥的矿物质组成基本没有变化,但衍射强度增加,伊蒙混层消失;由SEM分析可知,试验过程会对油泥的微观形貌产生一定得影响,油泥呈现网状沟壑结构,其分散程度和比表面积均有增加。
[Abstract]:Shale sludge is a kind of waste with high oil content in oil shale retort production.In the process of oil shale retorting, the broken oil shale is pyrolyzed at low temperature in the retorting furnace, which will produce oil and gas volatile products such as shale oil vapor, gas gas, water vapor and so on. The derived gas contains the oil shale that has not been sifted out during the crushing process.Shale dust produced by transportation and friction processes, thus forming a semi-solid hydrophilic substance containing oil, water, dust, etc.The recovery of shale oil from shale mud reduces the harm of mud to the environment and the waste of resources.In this paper, the method of hot water washing and organic reagent extraction is used to treat shale oil sludge, and the optimum test condition is obtained. The product of the experiment is studied.Longkou shale mud was treated by hot water washing method.The effects of liquid-solid ratio, stirring frequency, cleaning temperature and cleaning time on oil recovery were investigated by using pure water to clean shale oil mud. The optimum conditions of pure water cleaning were determined.The formula of the reagent was determined as OP-10: Na _ 2SiO _ 3 1: 3.Through orthogonal test, the results show that when the temperature is 70 鈩，

本文编号：1769971