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低张力泡沫在多孔介质中的再生规律研究

发布时间:2018-04-19 08:01

  本文选题:低张力泡沫驱 + 室内实验 ; 参考:《中国石油大学(华东)》2015年硕士论文


【摘要】:我国油田大多属于陆相沉积储层,油田大多进入开发的中后期,多数处于高含水和高采出程度阶段,并且地层非均质性较为严重,加之低渗、稠油等难开发的油田越来越多,传统注水开发效果越来越差。如何提高这类油田的采收率,越来越受到科研人员的重视。低张力泡沫驱油是一种有效的三次采油技术,针对非均质严重、低渗、稠油等开采难度大的油田尤为有效。低张力泡沫既具有传统泡沫的高强度的调剖能力,又兼具低张力洗油功能,可大幅度提高油田的波及体积和洗油效率,进而提高采收率。有效的生成稳定的泡沫是低张力泡沫驱成功与否的关键,泡沫在地层中不断的生成-破灭-再生成,是一个动态变化的过程,泡沫的再生性能决定了泡沫的动态稳定,所以研究低张力泡沫再生规律具有现实意义。本文主要通过理论分析、评价实验、岩心驱替实验、微观可视化实验,对泡沫的性能,生成、破灭、再生机理,运移规律,以及封堵性能等进行了研究。起泡剂评价实验表明浓度越高泡沫性能越好,但达到临界胶束浓度之后,继续增大浓度效果增加不明显,地层水的稀释和地层的吸附使得浓度降低,原油对泡沫的生成具有消极作用。一维岩心驱替实验表明随着注入速度的增加,封堵效果增强,气液比过低和过高对泡沫的生成和再生都不利,在中高渗地层中泡沫封堵作用更强。微观刻蚀模型实验表明,泡沫在地层中是不断生成-破灭-再生成的,起泡剂溶液与气体流动过程中通过液膜滞后、缩颈分离、薄膜分断生成泡沫,流速越大、起泡剂浓度越高,生成的泡沫越尺寸越小、越均匀。对比含油和不含油的泡沫聚并实验,可以看出原油的加入加速了泡沫的破灭速度。泡沫的破灭主要是通过液膜的排液作用和气体扩散作用,使得小气泡聚并成大气泡,降低泡沫的表面自由能。长岩心实验表明,泡沫在地层中是活塞式推进的,通过地层的剪切泡沫性能越来越好,封堵能力越来越强,同时低张力泡沫具有很强的洗油能力,能大幅度提高采收率。
[Abstract]:The oil field in our country mostly belongs to the continental sedimentary reservoir oil, mostly into the late stage of development, in the majority of high water content and high recovery degree, and heterogeneity is more serious, coupled with low permeability oil and heavy oil, more difficult to develop, the effect of traditional water flooding development more and more. How to improve the recovery rate of this kind of oil, more and more attention from researchers. Low tension foam flooding is an effective three oil recovery technology, aiming at the serious heterogeneity, low permeability, especially the difficulty of exploitation of the oil and heavy oil. Low tension foam has high strength of traditional foam profile control ability, but also the low tension of oil function, oil sweep efficiency and displacement efficiency can be greatly improved, so as to improve the recovery rate. The effective formation of stable foam is low tension is the key to the success of foam flooding, foam in the stratum continuously forms - burst again Generation is a dynamic process of change, the regeneration performance of the foam determines the dynamic stability of foam, so the low tension foam recycling law is of practical significance. This paper mainly through theoretical analysis, experimental evaluation, core displacement experiment, the microscopic visualization experiments on the properties of foam generation, burst, regeneration mechanism, migration the law, as well as the plugging performance were studied. The foaming agent evaluation experiments show that the higher the concentration of foam performance is better, but reaches the critical micelle concentration, continue to increase the effect of concentration did not increase significantly, formation water dilution and formation adsorption makes lower concentrations of crude oil generation of bubbles has negative effect. One dimensional core displacement experiment show that with the increase of injection rate, the blocking effect is enhanced, low and high gas-liquid ratio of foam generation and regeneration are unfavorable, foam plugging effect is stronger in the hypertonic micro stratum. Show that the etching model experiment in the formation of foam is generated continuously - shattered - again generated by liquid foaming agent solution, hysteresis and gas flow in the process of necking separation, film breaking bubbles, the bigger the flow is, the higher the concentration of foaming agent, foam generated more smaller, more uniform compared with oil. And no oil bubble coalescence experiments, we can see that the oil addition accelerates the bubble burst speed. The bursting of the bubble is mainly through the drainage effect and gas diffusion membrane, the small bubble coalescence into large bubbles, reducing the surface free energy. The bubble shows that the long core experiment, the foam in the stratum is the piston, through better performance of shear foam formation, the sealing ability is more and more strong, and the low tension foam has a strong cleaning ability, can greatly improve the recovery rate.

【学位授予单位】:中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:TE357.46

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