98低碳经济与中国石油石化行业的发展

发布时间：2016-11-16 22:27

本文关键词：低碳经济与中国石油石化行业的发展，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

可持续发展；SUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT；3.因地制宜，有效开发和利用新能源；中国不少油田地处风能资源相对丰富的西北或东北地区；4.加强CCS和CCU技术的储备和应用；对于石油石化行业来说，虽然CCS和CCU的规模化；域的进展，加强技术的交流、引进、消化和创新；5.加强减排管理和人才培养；强化节能减排制度建设和基础工作，将节能减排贯穿到；参考

可持续发展

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

3. 因地制宜，有效开发和利用新能源

中国不少油田地处风能资源相对丰富的西北或东北地区，具有开发风力发电项目特有的优势，有些油田位于日照条件好的戈壁、沙漠等地区，可根据实际情况，有效利用陆上风能和太阳能。同时，沿海地区的企业也要重视海上风电的发展与利用。

4. 加强CCS和CCU技术的储备和应用

对于石油石化行业来说，虽然CCS和CCU的规模化发展和商业化利用还有很长的一段路要走，但也不能观望和止步不前。为此，一要不断加强能力建设，加强碳储存研究，分析和评估CCS技术路线，将CCS作为前沿战略技术加以储备。中国东部开发强度较大的地区已经出现一些枯竭的油气田区块，经过改造可以作为CO2储集库使用，同时可以谋求枯竭油气田的可持续发展。二是重视CO2驱油技术，大力开发和应用CO2化工利用技术。三要拓宽资金来源，努力争取国家和国际机构的支持。四要深化国际合作。跟踪国际上CCS领

域的进展，加强技术的交流、引进、消化和创新。

5. 加强减排管理和人才培养

强化节能减排制度建设和基础工作，将节能减排贯穿到勘探、开发、生产、炼化、运输等环节的全过程。将减少CO2排放作为重要的生产、技术和管理变量，考虑整体效益。利用信息技术提升节能减排管理水平。提高全体员工的减排意识，为有效减排创造良好的企业文化氛围。通过多种途径，加强低碳技术人才和管理人才的储备与培养，增强发展后劲。

参考文献：

[1] 陈新华. 中国更应注重低排放经济[J].瞭望新闻周刊，2009（46）.[2] 张坤民等. 低碳经济论[M].北京：中国环境科学出版社，2009.[3] 魏一鸣等. 中国能源报告（2008）：碳排放研究[M].北京：科

学出版社，2008.会，2008.

[4] IPCC. 气候变化2007综合报告[R].政府间气候变化专门委员

收稿日期：2009－12－22

编辑：张一驰

（上接第31页）

论较多的是国际石油公司与国家石油公司的角色转变以及国际油气合作从资本主导向资源主导的转换。经过国际金融危机的洗礼，技术创新对世界石油工业发展的主导作用进一步显现，而国际大石油公司始终占领技术的制高点，正是它们能够应对国际风云变幻、成为“百年老店”的法宝。石油未来的竞争和发展，必将更加依赖技术创新。

在上游领域，已探明的剩余常规油气储量中有相当部分丰度低、难动用，已开发的老油田迫切需要提高采收率，而待探明的石油资源又大多分布在高原、山地、沙漠、黄土塬和海洋覆盖地区，地下地面条件极其复杂，勘探开发难度很大。比如在近年来的全球重大石油发现中，就有一半来自海上，尤其是深水区域，再加上其他非常规资源的开发等，，无一不对技术创新提出更高的要求。在下游领域，围绕提高产品收率和质量、降低加工消耗和成本、推进加工精细和深度，以及增强对高含硫或高含蜡油、重油、稠油及油砂等非常规资源加工的适应性等方面的技术创新，已经成为企业生存发展的制胜之宝。同时，作为传统能源产业，还需

要在新能源开发、节能减排特别是提高能源利用效率、高碳能源低碳化等方面，加大技术研发，为社会提供更加丰富的产品、技术服务等。

因此，技术创新才是未来石油产业发展力量之源，企业核心竞争力之所在。无论什么时候都不能因手中掌握着一定的资本、资源和市场就高枕无忧而忽视创新。

参考文献

[1] 杰奎斯·克莱默等. 石油市场模型[M]. 王芳,译. 北京：北京大学

出版社. 2004.

沙：湖南科学技术出版社.2009. 2009.12 2009.11

theoildrum.com. 2009.4经济合作，2008（5）国矿业，2008（7）

[2] 托马斯·弗里德曼. 世界又热又平又挤[M]. 王玮沁等，译. 长 [3] EIA. Short‐term energy outlook [R/OL](2009-12-08).[4] IEA. World energy outlook 2009[R/OL](2009-11-10).[5] LIKVERN R . Has OECD oil consumption peak?(2009-04-14) [6] 吕建中. 两大石油阵营：竞合关系变化及其发展趋势[J]. 国际 [7] 吕建中. 世界主要大石油公司的一体化发展模式与启示[J]. 中

收稿日期：2010-01-13

编　　辑：海松

2010.1 国际石油经济·37·

ENGLISH ABSTRACTS

英文摘要

of their geological and geographical advantages to develop carbon sequestering technology. Secondly, by conserving energy and decreasing emissions in the enterprise itself, enterprises can increase technical innovation and thereby find new sources of competitiveness. There are also two types of challenges faced by companies. The first is complying with the compulsory emissions reduction task required of them by the state, the other is providing cleaner and lower emissions energy at the same time as fulfilling consumer demand.

Problems worth considering regarding oil in the Post Financial Crisis Era

By Lv Jianzhong, CNPC Policy Research Office28

oil industry, and will be a vital means of gaining an advantageous position in future development.

The low carbon economy and the development of China's petroleum and petrochemical industryBy Du Wei, CNPC Research Institute of Economics and Technology32

towards stability and signs of recovery appearing

in the world economy, the deep structural problems that caused the international financial crisis have not yet been substantively resolved. New asset bubbles and financial risk are accumulating, making local financial disturbances possible. As for the ever more financialized international oil market, there are still many unstable and uncertain elements which will affect its future trends. In the post financial crisis era, there are are a number of problems relating to oil that particularly deserve attention. Integrated development methods displayed a competitive advantage during the crisis and the global market is approaching its next reshuffle. The First Law of Petropolitics might come true, with resource rich countries needing to re-examine and readjust their oil and gas cooperation policies. It is possible that the supply curve for oil is backward sloping, OPEC has demand for increased production, but is restricted by the fundamental nature of the market, so actual increases in production are not likely to be substantial. It is also worth considering the problem of a peak in oil demand. Large oil exporting countries are as concerned about the security of oil demand as large oil importers are about the security of oil supply. The status of the United States Dollar in oil market seems unshakable for the time being, however a diversification in international currencies is a long term trend. The Chinese market will be a hot spot for market competition. Technological innovation will play a leading role in the development of the global

Despite international financial markets moving

consumption and low emissions. The low carbon economy involves innovation and transformation in the areas of technology, systems, trade, production and consumption. China has already set an emissions target for 2020, the Chinese petroleum and petrochemicals industry is facing relatively large pressure in this regard. The low carbon economy will accelerate the development of natural gas, and in the short to medium term new and renewable energy will lessen domestic oil and gas supply pressures, and a speeding up of systemic industrial adjustment will improve the future competitiveness of the domestic petroleum and petrochemicals industry. CO2 sequestering and the utilization of technological breakthroughs will increase future development potential. These are the opportunities that the low carbon economy offers the Chinese petroleum and petrochemicals industry. Challenges faced by the two industries include: the double pressure of increasing the supply of oil and gas while at the same time decreasing CO2 emissions, the technological and costs pressure of lowering carbon emissions at each stage of production from the well to the wheel. Chinese industry is still lagging behind in terms of low carbon technology and management. Borrowing from the experience of large international oil companies and their different paths to low carbon economic development, the Chinese petroleum and petrochemicals industry should place importance on the following measures: accelerate structural adjustment, and strengthen conservation and the efficient use of resources to reduce emissions; actively research and develop technology related to the low carbon economy; effectively develop and utilize new energy sources according to specific local conditions; strengthen reserves and application of CCS and CCU technology and finally to emissions reduction management and the training of personnel.

2010.1

The low carbon economy is based on low-

国际石油经济·93·

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