微地震水平井压裂监测技术研究与应用

发布时间：2018-04-23 02:13

本文选题：微地震水平井监测技术 + 低渗透储层　；参考：《东北石油大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：微地震水平井监测技术已成为国内目前开发低渗透油田重要技术之一,微地震水平井监测技术对油田开发中水平井网优化,提高采收率具有重要意义。本论文研究压裂模型以及气藏渗流模型,得到火山岩与砂砾岩不同阶段的渗流特性及产能影响因素,并分析归纳得到射孔参数以及井筒方位角等参数对裂缝起裂压力影响规律。井中微地震随机噪声压制是处理的关键问题。根据井中微地震采集方式与微地震事件的特性,对微地震记录进行预处理,采用能量比法进行去噪,提高微地震记录信噪比进行检波器方位定向,求出每个检波器方位和角度后进行微地震信号道内振幅与道外振幅处理以及希尔伯特变换使有效信号能量增强。采用巴特沃斯滤波与Hankel矩阵滤波方法,滤除噪音提高微地震记录信噪比。微地震信号与常规地震信号表示方式大致相同,常用振幅、相位表示。通过接收信号的用时与信号振幅的大小特征,用二者之间的差别作为这个目标函数。构建走时目标函数与方向目标函数,精确震源反演位置。从正演数据中提取反演定位所需的信息,应用牛顿迭代法与割线法对方程组进行求解破裂点位置,得到压裂过程产生的裂隙高度、长度等参数精度更为准确,通过这些信息更能准确刻画裂缝形成的空间域展布。
[Abstract]:Microseismic horizontal well monitoring technology has become one of the most important technologies in developing low permeability oil fields in China at present. The microseismic horizontal well monitoring technology is of great significance to the optimization of horizontal well pattern and the improvement of oil recovery in oilfield development. In this paper, fracturing model and gas reservoir percolation model are studied, the percolation characteristics and productivity influencing factors of volcanic rock and sandy gravel in different stages are obtained, and the influence of perforation parameters and wellbore azimuth on fracture initiation pressure is analyzed and concluded. Random noise suppression is a key problem to be solved. According to the characteristics of microseismic acquisition and microseismic events in wells, the microseismic records are pretreated and de-noised by energy ratio method, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of microseismic records is improved for geophone azimuth orientation. After calculating the azimuth and angle of each geophone, the amplitude inside and outside the channel of the microseismic signal is processed and the effective signal energy is enhanced by Hilbert transform. Butterworth filter and Hankel matrix filter are used to filter noise to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of microseismic records. The expression of microseismic signal is approximately the same as that of conventional seismic signal, and the amplitude and phase are usually expressed. The difference between the time and amplitude of the received signal is used as the objective function. The traveling time objective function and the directional objective function are constructed to accurately invert the location of the seismic source. The information needed for inverse location is extracted from forward modeling data, and Newton iteration method and Secant method are used to solve the fracture point position. The precision of fracture height, length and other parameters produced by fracturing process is more accurate. Through these information, the spatial distribution of fracture formation can be described more accurately.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TE33;P315.6

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