海上穿梭油轮船舶配置及路径优化研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 21:17

本文选题：FPSO + 穿梭油轮　；参考：《大连海事大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：FPSO(浮式生产储存卸货装置)与其他钻井平台是海上石油生产系统的装置,负责海上原油的开采与加工。随着原油及其产品需求量的增长,海上石油生产系统面临着增加石油生产量的压力,在解决平台技术、钻井技术等自身技术问题的同时,还需提高石油运输效率,以保障原油及产品得到高效迅速的运输。海上石油运输是保障海上石油生产系统顺利高效进行的重要组成部分,是衔接海上石油钻井平台、FPSO与石油储备基地的关键。作为承担FPSO等油料卸载任务的穿梭油轮,在石油运输活动中承担着重要的角色,与钻井平台、FPSO、石油储存基地共同组成了海上钻井平台石油生产运输系统。本文以海上石油生产运输系统为研究对象,分析影响系统的主要因素：FPSO及穿梭油轮的容量限制、天气因素、穿梭油轮船型的多样性等,并确定了系统中需优化的问题：船舶配置、计划期内穿梭油轮取油次数以及穿梭油轮的路径选择。针对上述问题,本文以最小海上石油生产运输总成本为目标,构建了海上穿梭油轮配置及路径选择优化模型。该模型与传统的VRP问题及其变异问题不同之处为：1)FPSO中的原油处于一直生产和加工的状态；2)模型在优化路径的同时考虑优化计划期内的取油次数(大于1次)。此外,该模型解决了实际生产中系统穿梭油轮船舶配置问题以及调度次数优化问题,因此该问题是一个复杂的难问题,在学术研究以及实际石油生产中均具有价值。文章以某石油生产公司为实证进行分析,在现有的FPSO以及穿梭油轮相关数据的基础上,优化了该公司在渤海区域的船舶配置、穿梭油轮路径选择及计划期内取油次数。研究结果表明,较大型的穿梭油轮以及合理地数量配置,可较明显地降低系统总成本及石油的损失量；且增加穿梭油轮数量并不会使得FPSO的石油损失量有明显地降低。本文的研究结果可为决策者进行穿梭油轮配置提供了决策依据。
[Abstract]:FPSO (floating production Storage and unloading Unit) and other drilling platforms are installations of offshore oil production systems responsible for the exploitation and processing of offshore crude oil. With the increasing demand for crude oil and its products, the offshore oil production system is facing the pressure of increasing oil production. While solving its own technical problems, such as platform technology and drilling technology, it is also necessary to improve the efficiency of oil transportation. To ensure the efficient and rapid transportation of crude oil and products. Offshore oil transportation is an important component to ensure the smooth and efficient operation of offshore oil production system, and is the key to link FPSO and oil reserve base. As a shuttle tanker which undertakes the task of unloading oil such as FPSO, it plays an important role in the oil transportation activities. Together with the drilling platform FPSO and the oil storage base, the oil production and transportation system of offshore drilling platform is formed. Taking the offshore oil production and transportation system as the research object, this paper analyzes the main factors affecting the system, such as the capacity limitation of the system and the shuttle tanker, the weather factor, the diversity of the shuttle tanker type, and so on. The problems that need to be optimized in the system are identified as follows: ship configuration, the number of oil taken by shuttle tankers during the planning period, and the route selection of shuttle tankers. Aiming at the above problems, this paper aims at the minimum total cost of offshore oil production and transportation, and sets up an optimal model for the configuration and path selection of marine shuttle tankers. The difference between this model and the traditional VRP problem and its variation problem is that the crude oil in this model is in the state of production and processing all the time. In addition, the model solves the problem of system shuttle tanker ship configuration and scheduling times optimization in actual production, so the problem is a complex and difficult problem, which is valuable in both academic research and actual oil production. Based on the existing data of FPSO and shuttle tankers, this paper optimizes the ship configuration, the route selection of shuttle tankers and the number of oil fetching in the planned period based on the analysis of an oil production company in Bohai Sea. The results show that large shuttle tankers and reasonable number allocation can obviously reduce the total system cost and oil loss, and that increasing the number of shuttle tankers will not significantly reduce the oil loss of FPSO. The results of this paper can provide decision-making basis for decision-makers to deploy shuttle tankers.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE835;U695.28

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