NY3菌共生微生物净化油污泥及其产表面活性剂特性研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 05:20

本文选题：共生微生物 + 赤红球菌FF　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：石油污泥排放已是石化企业可持续发展的障碍之一。物理-化学法处理方法成本较高、易造成二次污染。利用微生物无害和资源化油污泥的相关技术有广阔的应用前景,但仅是目前被提出来的一个理念,新概念技术并不成熟。本课题组前期获得一些快速代谢烃的微生物,本文探索利用这些微生物无害化和资源化油污泥的思路和可行性。研究对解决石化企业油污泥造成的环境问题具有重要意义。本文主要以薄层色谱(TLC)、傅里叶红外色谱(FT-IR)和高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱(HPLC-TOF-MS)等为分析检测手段,研究铜绿假单胞菌NY3及其共生微生物处理油污泥及其产表面活性剂的特性。获得以下成果:(1)NY3菌及其三株共生菌在单一菌或相互复配条件下,均能在高浓度油污泥(换算成净含油量15 g/L)中生长。其中单一FF菌和“NY3菌+FF菌”复配时对油泥中主要污染物烷烃类的降解效率最好。4 d对其中主要污染物直链烷烃总平均降解率分别达90.98%和82.29%。在代谢及其同步快速去除油时,菌种可将油转化为高达7.54 g/L的胞外大分子。(2)FF菌不仅能快速降解烃,且抗高浓度油(换算后相当于油净含量10g/L)。2 d内FF菌可将含油2 g/L油污泥几乎完全降解,可去除含油10 g/L的油污泥中80%的污染物。且将大多烃类转化成脂类高能物质积累于细胞中,尤其是当降解体系中含油量增高时,这种脂类积累的现象更明显。(3)FF菌在降解石油污泥时能产表面活性剂。适合浓度时该表面活性剂形成的乳化液稳定性好,可提高FF菌体细胞表面疏水性,通过加快污染物传质速度而加快烃的降解。(4)经鉴定FF菌所产表面活性剂是海藻糖脂类的混合物,主要组分有海藻糖二酯和三酯。该表面活性剂的极性与NY3菌所产的鼠李糖单脂类表面活性剂相近,小于鼠李糖二脂类的极性。(5)FF菌以油酸+十六烷(作为烃类污染物的代表)双碳源发酵可分泌更多海藻糖脂类表面活性剂。培养基中碳、氮、磷含量的优化条件下发酵,以氯仿:甲醇=1:2为萃取剂提取所产表面活性剂的,产量最高达4.588 g/L。
[Abstract]:The discharge of oil sludge is one of the obstacles to the sustainable development of petrochemical enterprises. The physical chemical method is very expensive and is easily made into two pollution. The technology of using the harmless and resourceful sludge of the microorganism has a broad application prospect, but it is only a new concept that has been proposed at present. The new concept technology is not mature. In order to obtain some rapid hydrocarbon metabolizing microorganisms, this paper explores the idea and feasibility of using these microorganisms to harmless and resourceful oil sludge. The study is of great significance to solve the environmental problems caused by oil sludge in petrochemical enterprises. This paper is mainly based on thin layer chromatography (TLC), Fu Liye infrared chromatography (FT-IR) and high performance liquid chromatography - flight time The characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NY3) and its symbiotic microorganism to treat oil sludge and its surface active agents were studied by mass spectrometry (HPLC-TOF-MS). The following results were obtained: (1) NY3 and three strains of symbionts could grow in high concentration of oil sludge (converted into net oil content 15 g/L) under single bacteria or mutual compound conditions. In the combination of single FF bacteria and "NY3 bacteria +FF bacteria", the best degradation efficiency of alkanes in the main pollutants in the oil sludge is.4 D, when the total average degradation rate of the main pollutants of the main pollutants is 90.98% and 82.29%., respectively, when the metabolism and the simultaneous rapid removal of oil are carried out, the strain can convert the oil into the extracellular macromolecules with up to 7.54 g/L. (2) FF bacteria can not only be fast. Rapid descent of hydrocarbons, and anti high concentration oil (after conversion equivalent to oil net content 10g/L).2 D, FF bacteria can almost completely degrade oil containing 2 g/L oil sludge, and can remove 80% of the pollutants in oil sludge containing 10 g/L oil. And most hydrocarbons are converted into fat high energy substances and accumulated in cells, especially when the oil content in the degradation system is increased. The accumulation of the phenomenon is more obvious. (3) FF bacteria can produce surfactant in the degradation of oil sludge. When suitable for concentration, the emulsion formed by the surfactant can improve the hydrophobicity of the FF cell surface and accelerate the degradation of hydrocarbons by accelerating the mass transfer rate of pollutants. (4) it is identified that the surface active agent produced by FF bacteria is a mixture of seaweed glycolipid. The main components are trehalose two ester and three ester. The polarity of the surfactants is similar to the Shu Li sugar single lipid surfactants produced by NY3 bacteria, less than the polarity of the rhamnose two lipids. (5) FF bacteria can secrete more seaweed glycolipid surfactants with oleic acid + sixteen alkanes (as the representative of hydrocarbon pollutants). Under the optimized conditions of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus fermentation, chloroform and methanol =1:2 were used as extractant to extract the surfactants. The highest yield was 4.588 g/L..

【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X74;X172

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