小型天然气装置净化及液化流程模拟与优化

发布时间：2018-04-27 07:27

本文选题：天然气 + 净化流程　；参考：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前,我国能源结构严重依赖于传统化石能源,由此面临着原料成本居高不下和温室气体减排难等困境。为促进能源供给的多样化、低碳化和自主化,我国加大了天然气田的开发。本文主要针对小型天然气田的净化和液化工艺技术进行了研究探讨。论文首先介绍了天然气净化和液化技术的研究进展,重点介绍了醇胺法脱酸工艺和三甘醇法脱水工艺。同时,对目前主要的液化工艺的工作原理和应用特点进行了阐述和对比分析,并选择了单混合制冷剂液化流程作为本文重点研究对象。针对净化过程,在HYSYS流程模拟软件中分别建立MEA法、DEA法和MDEA法三种典型天然气脱酸工艺稳态模型,并从净化效果和能耗等方面对三种工艺进行了系统分析,得出DEA法更适合用于天然气脱酸工艺。同时针对天然气脱水工艺建立了TEG法稳态模型。由于DEA法脱酸工艺和TEG法脱水工艺存在着耦合关系,单独使用模拟软件无法给出最优操作条件,本文引入层次分析对净化工艺进行多目标综合评价,最终确定最优的净化组合方案。针对液化过程,首先分析了不同混合制冷剂组分对系统能耗的影响,并结合相图对混合制冷剂组分进行了优化选择；其次在流程模拟软件中建立了改进的二级混合制冷剂稳态模型,并基于模拟软件HYSYS和优化工具MATLAB的数据接口,建立了以系统总能耗最低为目标的优化模型,并利用遗传算法对系统进行求解。最后,在优化模型的基础上,系统地分析了各优化变量对能耗和多流股换热器最小传热温差的影响,并结合系统的热力学分析给出流程进一步改进的方向。
[Abstract]:At present, the energy structure of our country relies heavily on the traditional fossil energy, thus facing the dilemma of high cost of raw materials and difficulty in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In order to promote the diversification of energy supply, low-carbonization and autonomy, China has increased the development of natural gas fields. In this paper, the purification and liquefaction technology of small gas fields are studied. In this paper, the research progress of natural gas purification and liquefaction technology is introduced, with emphasis on alcohol-amine deacidification process and triethylene alcohol dehydration process. At the same time, the working principle and application characteristics of the main liquefaction process are expounded and compared, and the single mixed refrigerant liquefaction process is selected as the main research object in this paper. Aiming at the purification process, the steady-state models of three typical natural gas deacidification processes, MEA method and MDEA method, are established in the HYSYS process simulation software, and the three processes are systematically analyzed from the aspects of purification effect and energy consumption. It is concluded that DEA method is more suitable for natural gas deacidification process. At the same time, the steady-state model of TEG method is established for natural gas dehydration process. Because of the coupling relationship between the DEA deacidification process and the TEG dehydration process, the optimal operating conditions can not be obtained by using the simulation software alone. In this paper, the multi-objective comprehensive evaluation of the purification process is carried out with the introduction of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Finally, the optimal purification combination scheme is determined. According to the liquefaction process, the influence of different refrigerant components on the energy consumption of the system is analyzed, and the composition of the mixed refrigerant is optimized according to the phase diagram. Secondly, an improved two-stage refrigerant steady-state model is established in the process simulation software. Based on the data interface between the simulation software HYSYS and the optimization tool MATLAB, the optimization model with the lowest total energy consumption is established. Genetic algorithm is used to solve the system. Finally, on the basis of the optimization model, the effects of various optimization variables on energy consumption and minimum heat transfer temperature difference of multi-flow heat exchanger are systematically analyzed, and the direction of further improvement is given based on the thermodynamic analysis of the system.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE96

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