同轴相位法含水率仪系统研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 11:00

本文选题：含水率 + 同轴相位　；参考：《哈尔滨理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于长期注水开发,我国多数油田已经进入高含水开发阶段。准确测量油井各层段含水率、实现有效封堵对油田开发、稳产极为重要,可避免无效水循环,提高水驱开发效率,延长油田开发寿命。含水率测量已然成为油田开采过程中动态监测的重要参数。但井下油水两相流的流体复杂,原油含水率测量难度大,同轴相位法含水率仪系统就是从当前油田高含水开采阶段,油水两相含水率测量难、测准难这一实际问题出发,从测量理论、传感器研制、电路设计、数据处理等方面做了深入分析和实验研究。本文首先分析了国内外原油含水率测量技术的发展,介绍了目前普遍使用的原油含水率测量方法的优缺点,并针对我国高含水原油开采的特点,选择了同轴相位法,该方法利用电磁波传播特性测量原油含水率,电磁波在油水混合液体内传播时产生的相位偏移系数,偏移系数的大小会跟随原油含水率有规律的变化。文中详细分析了影响测量精度的外在因素,对同轴相传感器进行了优化设计,经过优化设计后的同轴传感器减小了外界环境因素对含水率测量的干扰,提高了测量精度,满足了油田开采的动态需求,为油田数据监测,制定注采措施提供了可靠的依据。在测量理论分析基础上,对井下含水率仪系统进行了系统总体设计,主要包括:井下仪器的硬件设计、井下仪器的软件设计和井上监控管理软件的设计。井下硬件中,主要设计了电磁波发生器、电磁波放大器和相位差检测器,还简要介绍了辅助采集系统电路设计,减小外界环境引入的测量误差,为含水率的校准提供了参考依据。井下软件设计介绍了含水率仪的工作流程,上位机监控管理介绍了软件的功能和实现原理。先导井实验分析了含水率仪的稳定性、精度等特性,并根据实验大数据拟合了三维标定图版,根据实验验证了图版准确性,证明了同轴相位法含水率仪系统的可行性,对高含水油田的含水率的准确测量具有良好的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Due to long-term waterflooding, most oil fields in China have entered the stage of high water cut development. It is very important for oil field development to accurately measure the water cut of each layer of oil well and to realize effective plugging, which can avoid invalid water circulation, improve the efficiency of water drive development and prolong the development life of oil field. Water cut measurement has become an important parameter in dynamic monitoring of oilfield production. However, the fluid of oil-water two-phase flow is complicated, and the measurement of water cut of crude oil is very difficult. The system of water-cut meter based on coaxial phase method is based on the practical problem that the measurement of oil-water two-phase water cut is difficult and accurate at present stage of high water-cut production in oil field. From the measurement theory, sensor development, circuit design, data processing and other aspects of in-depth analysis and experimental research. This paper first analyzes the development of crude oil moisture content measurement technology at home and abroad, introduces the advantages and disadvantages of the commonly used oil water cut measurement methods at present, and selects the coaxial phase method according to the characteristics of high water-cut crude oil production in China. In this method, the water content of crude oil is measured by electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics. The phase shift coefficient of electromagnetic wave propagating in oil-water mixture will change regularly with the oil water content. In this paper, the external factors affecting the measurement accuracy are analyzed in detail, and the coaxial phase sensor is optimized. After the optimization design, the interference of the external environmental factors to the moisture content measurement is reduced, and the measurement accuracy is improved. It meets the dynamic demand of oilfield production and provides a reliable basis for oilfield data monitoring and the formulation of injection-production measures. Based on the analysis of measurement theory, the system of downhole water cut meter is designed, including the hardware design of downhole instrument, the software design of downhole instrument and the design of monitoring and management software on well. In the downhole hardware, the electromagnetic wave generator, the electromagnetic wave amplifier and the phase difference detector are mainly designed. The circuit design of the auxiliary acquisition system is also briefly introduced to reduce the measurement error caused by the external environment. It provides a reference for the calibration of moisture content. The design of downhole software introduces the working flow of moisture content meter, and the function and realization principle of the software are introduced. The stability, precision and other characteristics of the water cut meter are analyzed experimentally by the pilot well. According to the experimental big data, the three-dimensional calibration plate is fitted. The accuracy of the plate is verified according to the experiment, and the feasibility of the water cut meter system of the coaxial phase method is proved. The accurate measurement of water cut in high water cut oilfield has a good application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE937

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