长输天然气管线系统优化设计

发布时间：2018-04-30 13:11

本文选题：天然气 + 长输管道　；参考：《西安石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：管道是连接天然气开发与利用的纽带,大量的天然气经过管道输送至远离气田的城镇和工业区。近十年来,随着天然气管道的大规模建设,管网将以前所未有的速度快速增长,使得管网系统日益大型复杂化,管线的建设投资和运行费用相应增大。如何保证管网系统安全、合理、经济地运营,成为管道建设者首要关注的问题。但在管网的初期建设和运行维护过程中,在保证输量的前提下,如何实现经济效益的最大化是企业的终极目标,因此管道建设者希望对管道系统的建设和运行进行优化研究,从而实现管线系统经济效益最大化的目的。首先,通过分析天然气输气管线总费用的构成,建立了以输气管线系统总费用最小为目标函数的优化设计数学模型。其次,本文选取目前认为较为精确的BWRS状态方程计算气体物性,用连续性方程和运动方程推导并确定了输气管道稳定流动的基本方程式,为数学模型推导计算提供了基础理论依据。充分分析考虑了该函数的约束条件,包括边界条件约束、管道强度约束和水力约束等,并对约束条件及边界条件进行处理,建立遗传算法评价函数'C,确定算法参数,设计算法流程图,利用Visual Basic6.0编写计算程序。最后,将所建立的输气经济性数学模型应用于西气东输二线东段的干线设计,通过编写的程序计算,得到了一组使总费用最小的设计方案。优化结果表明,模型比较合理的反映出管径、输气压力和壁厚等参数对总费用的影响,优化设计得到的压缩机布置方案与实际设计的压缩机布置方案误差较小,可以作为实际压缩机站布置的基础方案,对实际管线的设计具有一定的指导作用。
[Abstract]:Pipeline is the link between the development and utilization of natural gas. A large amount of natural gas is transported through pipelines to towns and industrial areas far from gas fields. In the past ten years, with the large-scale construction of natural gas pipelines, the pipeline network will grow at an unprecedented speed, which makes the pipeline system become more and more complicated, and the construction investment and operation cost of the pipeline will increase accordingly. How to ensure the safe, reasonable and economical operation of pipe network system has become the primary concern of pipeline builders. However, in the process of initial construction and operation and maintenance of the pipeline network, how to realize the maximum economic benefit is the ultimate goal of the enterprise under the premise of ensuring the transportation quantity. Therefore, the pipeline builders hope to optimize the construction and operation of the pipeline system. Thus, the purpose of maximizing the economic benefit of pipeline system is realized. Firstly, by analyzing the composition of the total cost of natural gas pipeline, a mathematical model of optimal design is established, which takes the minimum total cost of gas pipeline system as the objective function. Secondly, the BWRS equation of state, which is considered to be more accurate at present, is selected to calculate the physical properties of gas, and the basic equations of steady flow of gas pipeline are derived and determined by using the continuity equation and motion equation. It provides basic theoretical basis for mathematical model derivation and calculation. The constraint conditions of the function, including boundary condition, pipeline strength constraint and hydraulic constraint, are fully analyzed, and the constraints and boundary conditions are dealt with. The genetic algorithm evaluation function is established to determine the parameters of the algorithm. The flow chart of algorithm is designed, and the calculation program is written by Visual Basic6.0. Finally, the established mathematical model of gas transmission economy is applied to the design of the trunk line in the east section of West to East Gas Transmission Line. Through the program calculation, a group of design schemes with minimum total cost are obtained. The optimization results show that the model reasonably reflects the influence of the parameters such as pipe diameter, gas pressure and wall thickness on the total cost, and the error between the optimized compressor layout scheme and the actual compressor layout scheme is relatively small. It can be used as the basic scheme of the actual compressor station layout, and has certain guiding function to the actual pipeline design.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE973.1

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