低产井功图量油技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 14:37

本文选题：示功图量油 + 阀的开闭点　；参考：《西安石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前国内油田油井产量的计量主要是将各口井的油输送到计量站进行集中计量。这种计量方法既不经济,对油田计量的长期发展也很不利。如何改变这种现有的计量方式,实现对油井产液量的不间断计量,并且能够了解采油系统的状况是简化国内外石油计量工艺流程和提高采油效率需要处理的一个课题。功图量液技术就是为解决单井计量问题而提出的,尽管目前已部分应用于油田实际生产,但同时也存在部分问题,同时由于低产井产量低的特殊井况,因此,本文针对低产井功图量液技术进行研究。本文首先对区块化的油井产液量进行了回归分析,建立了两种产液量的回归模型,并针对该方法进行了按分产液量阶段进行回归分析,辅助功图量液计产。介绍了抽油机和抽油泵的工作原理;阐述了功图量液技术的原理,并分析了功图法计算产液量的两种方法;然后以地面示功图为边界条件,通过对抽油杆柱进行受力分析,建立了一维波动方程,采用傅立叶级数法求解该方程,从而获得井下泵功图,并分析了不同阻尼系数的取值对产液量的影响。另外,由于油管内的混合物具有压缩性,油井中的液体到达井口后,溶解在液体中的气体便会析出,所以井下的排液量与地面产液量并不相等。本文采用了通过计算泵排出压力下混合物的体积系数来折算地面产液量的方法。确定柱塞有效冲程是功图量液的关键环节之一。本文利用泵示功图研究泵功图、阀开闭点位置以及柱塞有效冲程三者之间的关系,并建立了泵功图曲线的曲率计算模型,并结合泵的工况,在高、低载荷分别找到两个曲率变化最大的点,得到了凡尔开闭点的位置,从而确定了柱塞的有效冲程。提出了运用载荷线来确定凡尔开闭点位置的新方法,并根据油田的产液量进行了验证,结果表明该方法能够准确判断出凡尔开闭点的位置。应用MATLAB软件的GUI界面编制低产井功图量液软件,该软件包括数据输入,油井产量计算,数据输出,帮助等模块,软件界面操作方便,并对国内油田油井进行了计算分析,得到计算产液量与实际产量平均相对误差为6.60%,验证了示功图量油的可行性。
[Abstract]:At present, the main measure of oil well production in domestic oil field is to carry the oil from each well to the metering station for centralized metering. This metering method is neither economical nor unfavorable to the long-term development of oil field metering. How to change the existing metering method, realize the uninterrupted measurement of oil well liquid production, and understand the situation of oil production system is a task that needs to be dealt with in simplifying the domestic and foreign oil metering process flow and improving the oil recovery efficiency. The technology of power chart and liquid measurement is put forward to solve the problem of single well measurement. Although it has been partially used in oil field production at present, it also has some problems at the same time, and because of the special well condition with low production rate of low production well, therefore, In this paper, the technique of measuring liquid in low production wells is studied. In this paper, firstly, the regression analysis of the liquid production of the block oil well is carried out, and the regression models of the two kinds of fluid production are established, and the regression analysis is carried out according to the phase of the liquid production in accordance with this method, which can be used as an auxiliary work chart to measure the liquid production. This paper introduces the working principle of pumping unit and sucker pump, expounds the principle of power chart measuring liquid technology, and analyzes two methods of calculating liquid yield by power chart method, then takes the surface indicator diagram as the boundary condition, and analyzes the force on the sucker rod string through the analysis of the force on the sucker rod string. The one-dimensional wave equation is established, and the Fourier series method is used to solve the equation. The work diagram of underground pump is obtained, and the influence of different damping coefficient on liquid production is analyzed. In addition, due to the compressibility of the mixture in the tubing, the gas dissolved in the oil well will precipitate when the liquid reaches the well head, so the downhole discharge is not equal to the surface liquid production. In this paper, the method of calculating the volume coefficient of the mixture under pump discharge pressure is used to calculate the surface liquid production. Determining the effective stroke of plunger is one of the key steps of measuring liquid. In this paper, the relationship among pump power diagram, valve opening and closing point position and effective stroke of plunger is studied by using pump indicator diagram. The curvature calculation model of pump power diagram curve is established. Two points with the largest curvature change are found under low load, and the position of the opening and closing points of Val is obtained, and the effective stroke of the plunger is determined. A new method of determining the opening and closing point of Van er by using load line is put forward and verified according to the fluid production of oil field. The results show that the method can accurately judge the position of opening and closing point of Van er. Using the GUI interface of MATLAB software to compile the low-yield well work chart and liquid measurement software, the software includes data input, oil well production calculation, data output, help module and so on. The interface of the software is easy to operate, and the calculation and analysis of oil wells in domestic oil field are carried out. The average relative error between the calculated liquid yield and the actual output is 6.60, which verifies the feasibility of measuring oil by the indicator diagram.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE863.1

【参考文献】