表面活性剂在高盐油藏适用性研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 14:38

本文选题：高盐油藏 + 表面活性剂　；参考：《长江大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：高温高盐油藏分布广泛,为确保我国原油产量的持续增长,最大限度增加油田可采储量并且保持相对较高的采油速度,强化高温高盐油藏采油技术至关重要。中原油田油层矿化度高,属于高盐油田,开发难度大。为了改善油田的注水开发效果,充分利用现有资源,增加可采储量,设计出合理的开采方案对提高油田的石油产量具有重要意义。本文旨在筛选出适用于中原油田明15块的表面活性剂驱油配方。通过大量的文献调研,初选了大庆石油磺酸盐、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、十四烷基甜菜碱、NNR、W9510、OP-10、TW-80八种表面活性剂。通过在中原油田模拟地层水的溶解性实验筛选出十四烷基甜菜、NNR、W9510、OP-10、Tw-80五种溶解性能好的表面活性剂；大庆石油磺酸盐、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十烷基硫酸钠三种阴离子表面活性剂由于其耐盐性能较差,容易与地层水产生沉淀而致使溶解性能差。通过对溶解性能好的五种表面活性剂油水界面张力测定,发现这五种表面活性剂溶液均不能与中原油田原油形成较低的界面张力,所以不适合以单剂形式用作该地区驱油剂。在表面活性剂单剂无法有效降低界面张力的情况下,对它们进行复配,考察复配体系的界面活性。根据各种类型表面活性剂的特性,确定了离子型与阴-非离子表面活性剂复配、阴离子型与两性表面活性剂复配、非离子型与阴离子型表面活性剂复配、阴离子型与阴-非离子表面活性剂复配四类复配体系。实验结果表明：非离子表面活性剂NNR与阴-非离子表面活性剂W9510复配体系表现出来的界面活性较好,均可达到超低界面张力,界面张力值最低可达4.1×10-3mN/m；阴离子表面活性剂石油磺酸盐与两性表面活性剂十四烷基甜菜碱复配体系油水界面活性较好,界面张力最低值可达2.3×10 mN/m。此外,十二烷基苯磺酸钠与十四烷基甜菜碱复配体系、十二烷基硫酸钠与十四烷基甜菜碱复配体系、0P-10与石油磺酸盐复配体系、TW-80与石油磺酸盐复配体系、十二烷基苯磺酸钠与W9510复配体系及石油磺酸盐与W9510复配体系,这几种复配体系具有一定降低油水界面张力的能力,但没有达到超低界面张力。最后,对以上界面活性好的两种复配体系进行性能评价,多方面考察驱油体系在中原油田明15块的适用性。主要包括抗钙性能评价、抗镁性能评价、乳化性能评价、起泡性能评价、耐温性能评价。研究发现,NNR与W9510复配体系、石油磺酸盐与十四烷基甜菜碱复配体系抗钙、镁能力相当。石油磺酸盐与十四烷基甜菜碱复配体系的乳化性能、起泡性能优于NNR与W9510复配体系,且石油磺酸盐与十四烷基甜菜碱复配体系耐温性能较好,NNR与W9510复配体系耐温性能极差。通过一系列的实验分析,最终确定十四烷基甜菜碱与石油磺酸盐复配比3：1、4：1,总浓度0.1%作为驱油配方适用于中原油田明15块。
[Abstract]:The high temperature and high salt reservoirs are widely distributed. In order to ensure the continuous increase of crude oil production, increase the recoverable reserves and maintain relatively high oil recovery rate, it is very important to strengthen the oil recovery technology in high temperature and high salt reservoirs. Zhongyuan oilfield has high mineralization degree, belongs to high salt oil field, and is difficult to develop. In order to improve the effect of water injection development, make full use of existing resources, increase recoverable reserves, and design a reasonable exploitation plan, it is of great significance to increase oil production in oil fields. The aim of this paper is to screen the surfactant flooding formula for Ming15 block in Zhongyuan Oilfield. Eight surfactants, Daqing petroleum sulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, tetradecyl betaine (NNRN) W9510OP-10 and TW-80, were selected by a large number of literatures. Through the solubility experiment of simulated formation water in Zhongyuan Oilfield, five surfactants with good solubility, Daqing petroleum sulfonate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, were selected. Three anionic surfactants of sodium decyl sulfate have poor solubility due to their poor salt resistance and easy precipitation with formation water. By measuring the oil-water interfacial tension of five surfactants with good solubility, it is found that none of the five surfactants can form a lower interfacial tension with the crude oil in Zhongyuan Oilfield, so it is not suitable to be used as a single agent for oil displacement in this area. When the surfactant can not effectively reduce the interfacial tension, they were compounded to investigate the interfacial activity of the composite system. According to the characteristics of various kinds of surfactants, the combination of ionic and anionic surfactants, anionic and amphoteric surfactants, Nonionic surfactants and anionic surfactants were determined. Anion and anion-Nonionic surfactants are mixed into four kinds of systems. The experimental results show that the interfacial activity of Nonionic surfactant NNR and anion-Nonionic surfactant W9510 system is better, and the interfacial tension is very low. The lowest interfacial tension value is 4.1 脳 10 ~ (-3) mn 路m ~ (-1), and the oil / water interfacial activity of the mixed system of anionic surfactant petroleum sulfonate and amphoteric surfactant tetradecyl betaine is better, and the lowest value of interfacial tension is 2.3 脳 10 mn / m ~ (-1). In addition, the mixture system of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and tetradecyl betaine, the mixture system of dodecyl sodium sulfate and tetradecyl betaine, the mixture system of dodecyl benzene sulfonate and petroleum sulfonate, the mixture system of dodecyl benzene sulfonate and tetradecyl betaine, The mixed systems of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and W9510 and petroleum sulfonate and W9510 have the ability to reduce the interfacial tension of oil and water, but they do not reach the ultra-low interfacial tension. Finally, the performance evaluation of the two kinds of composite systems with good interfacial activity was carried out, and the applicability of the flooding system in Ming15 block of Zhongyuan Oilfield was investigated from many aspects. The evaluation includes calcium resistance, magnesium resistance, emulsification, foaming and temperature resistance. It was found that the mixture of NNR and W9510, petroleum sulfonate and tetradecyl betaine had the same ability of resistance to calcium and magnesium. The emulsifying property and foaming property of petroleum sulfonate and tetradecyl betaine were better than that of NNR and W9510, and the thermal resistance of petroleum sulfonate and tetradecyl betaine was better than that of NNR and W9510. Through a series of experiments and analysis, the ratio of tetradecyl betaine and petroleum sulfonate was determined to be 3: 1: 4: 1 and the total concentration of 0.1% was used as the oil displacement formula for Ming15 block of Zhongyuan Oilfield.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE357.46

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