基于物联网的抽油机故障诊断技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 09:54

本文选题：示功图 + 故障诊断　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：石油在当今社会中起着重要作用,是当前人类社会不可或缺的一部分。目前开采石油的方式多种多样,而其中占主导地位的是有杆采油方式。有杆采油系统工作环境较为复杂,因而经常发生故障。这些故障严重阻碍了油田正常生产。对抽油机故障诊断技术的研究是很有必要的。通过物联网提取抽油机运行参数,可以实现对抽油机工作状态的实时监测。本文基于物联网对抽油机故障诊断方法进行研究,深入研究了基于专家系统以及基于最小二乘的抽油机故障诊断法,对比了两种方法的优缺点,并提出将两种方法结合的故障诊断思路。论文主要工作如下:(1)总结了物联网技术和抽油机故障诊断技术的研究现状,设计了故障诊断系统的硬件设备组成,详细研究了抽油机故障诊断系统网络组网过程,包括远程监测终端与传感器之间的Zig Bee组网以及远程监测终端与上位机之间的GPRS通信,设计了监测数据传输过程。(2)在介绍了抽油机工作原理以及示功图的基础上,研究了地面示功图与井下泵功图的转换方法——求解波动方程,给出了系统的理论基础。(3)研究了抽油机故障模式以及示功图的故障特征,建立了故障诊断专家系统,包括知识库的建立以及推理规则的实现,并对系统进行了测试。(4)研究了基于最小二乘的故障诊断系统,包括最小二乘故障诊断法的原理以及系统组建过程,并对系统进行了测试,论文对比了故障诊断专家系统以及最小二乘故障诊断系统,提出了两种方法结合的诊断思路。分析表明,本系统能够更好的进行故障诊断,能够满足油田故障诊断的需求。
[Abstract]:Oil plays an important role in today's society and is an indispensable part of the current human society. At present, there are a variety of ways to exploit oil, among which the dominant one is rod production. The working environment of rod-rod production system is more complex, so it often breaks down. These failures have seriously hindered the normal production of the oil field. It is necessary to study the fault diagnosis technology of pumping unit. By using the Internet of things to extract the operating parameters of the pumping unit, the real-time monitoring of the working state of the pumping unit can be realized. In this paper, the fault diagnosis method of pumping unit based on Internet of things is studied, and the fault diagnosis method of pumping unit based on expert system and least squares is studied, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods are compared. A fault diagnosis method combining the two methods is put forward. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) summarizing the research status of the Internet of things technology and the fault diagnosis technology of pumping units, designing the hardware components of the fault diagnosis system, and studying in detail the network networking process of the fault diagnosis system for pumping units. Including the Zig Bee network between the remote monitoring terminal and the sensor, the GPRS communication between the remote monitoring terminal and the host computer, and the design of the monitoring data transmission process. In this paper, the conversion method between the surface dynamometer and the downhole pump power diagram is studied. The wave equation is solved. The theoretical basis of the system is given. The fault mode of the pumping unit and the fault characteristics of the indicator diagram are studied, and the fault diagnosis expert system is established. Including the establishment of knowledge base and the realization of inference rules, and the system is tested. 4) the fault diagnosis system based on least squares is studied, including the principle of least squares fault diagnosis method and the process of system construction. The paper compares the fault diagnosis expert system with the least square fault diagnosis system, and puts forward the diagnosis thought of combining the two methods. The analysis shows that the system can better carry out fault diagnosis and meet the needs of oil field fault diagnosis.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE933.1

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