油井压裂返排液处理系统的研制

发布时间：2018-05-06 06:01

本文选题：油水砂三相分离 + 四种工艺流程　；参考：《西安石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着对环境保护的要求越来越高,以及能源需求的与日俱增,油井压裂返排液的排放标准也越来越严格,这就要求人们对压裂返排液的处理展开深入研究。本文针对油田在采用水力喷砂射孔压裂、放喷、洗井、抽吸联作工艺时,返排液中油、水、砂三相含量差异较大的问题,设计研发了一套油井压裂返排液处理系统,主要目的是将油井压裂返排液中的油、水、砂三相分离开来。首先根据四种工况下返排液的参数,进行不同工况下返排液分离的工艺流程设计。其次针对水力喷砂射孔压裂这一工况中返排液流量大、含砂量高的情况,设计出中心传动除砂器,用以去除绝大部分压裂砂,减少除砂旋流器工作时的含砂量。并且对整套系统中其他设备根据工况进行选型设计,将中心传动除砂器、除砂旋流器、振动筛、螺旋输砂器、油水分离器和离心泵等以不同的组合方式组合在一起,形成四种工况下的配套处理工艺流程。再对中心传动除砂器内部流场的分布情况做了数值模拟分析研究,得到了固液两相体积、密度、速度分布云图。从这些云图上看出分离效果明显,达到了预期的分离目的,验证了中心传动除砂器固液分离的可行性。进一步对中心传动除砂器的结构进行了优化改进,提高其除砂效率。使用单因素法,讨论了结构参数、操作参数和物性参数对中心传动除砂器分离性能的影响。最后对整套系统的自动化控制进行了方案设计。本文将对油井压裂返排液分离技术的研究起到一定的促进作用,也为油水砂三相分离技术的应用领域提供了又一可行措施。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for environmental protection and energy demand, the discharge standard of fracturing fluid is becoming more and more strict, which requires people to carry out in-depth research on the treatment of fracturing fluid back drainage. In order to solve the problem of large difference of oil, water and sand content in the back flow fluid when hydraulic sand blasting perforation, blowout, well washing and suction are used in oilfield, a set of treatment system for oil well fracturing and drainage fluid is designed and developed in this paper. The main purpose is to separate the oil, water and sand from the fracturing fluid. Firstly, according to the parameters of backflow under four working conditions, the process design of backflow separation under different working conditions is carried out. Secondly, in view of the situation that the back flow rate and sand content are high in hydraulic sand blasting perforation fracturing, a central drive sand remover is designed to remove most of the fracturing sand and reduce the sand content in the operation of sand removal cyclone. And the other equipments in the whole system are selected according to the working conditions. The central drive sand remover, sand removal cyclone, vibrating screen, spiral sand conveyer, oil-water separator and centrifugal pump are combined in different combinations. Forming four working conditions of the supporting treatment process. The distribution of the flow field in the center drive sand remover is analyzed numerically, and the volume, density and velocity distribution of the solid and liquid phase are obtained. It is shown from these cloud diagrams that the separation effect is obvious and the expected separation purpose is achieved. The feasibility of solid-liquid separation of the central drive sand remover is verified. Furthermore, the structure of the center drive sand remover is optimized and improved to improve the sand removal efficiency. The influence of structure parameters, operation parameters and physical parameters on the separation performance of the central drive sand remover is discussed by using the single factor method. Finally, the automatic control of the whole system is designed. This paper will play a certain role in promoting the research of fracturing and drainage separation technology in oil wells and provide another feasible measure for the application of oil-water-sand three-phase separation technology.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X741

【参考文献】