提高重油加工污水可生化技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 15:42

本文选题：重油加工污水 + 预处理　；参考：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：重油加工污水具有污染物负荷高、污染物组成复杂、乳化严重、油水分离难、可生化性差等特点。为此,某重油加工企业在2005年投产60m3/h重油污水预处理装置对其进行预处理与资源回收。但随着油品的升级,加工工艺复杂化,重油加工污水已超过原“预处理装置”最大处理负荷,预处理装置工艺优化必须尽快开展。为此,本论文在重油加工污水特征综合评价、污水预处理装置工艺运行评价,污水生物降解性能调控技术评价等方面开展大量研究,旨在提升重油加工污水的可生化性能。研究结果表明,重油加工污水中的极性有机污染物、硫化物、氨氮含量较高,有利于形成稳定的O/W乳状液,污水中主要含有机酸类、苯酚类、多环芳烃、杂环大分子含氧化合物、醇类、酯类、长链烷烃等有机污染物,是制约其生物降解的主要内因：重油加工污水预处理装置对CODcr、石油类、SS等常规指标处理效果良好,但出水生物毒性较强,降解性能较差,B/C比平均为0.16;Fenton氧化法可以改善污水生物降解性能,但是由于腐蚀和操作复杂等原因,难以工业化。臭氧催化氧化20min可提高污水生物降解性能15%,是优选的污水生物降解性能调控技术。
[Abstract]:Heavy oil processing sewage has the characteristics of high pollutant load, complex composition of pollutants, serious emulsification, difficult separation of oil and water, poor biodegradability and so on. For this reason, a heavy oil processing enterprise has put into production the pretreatment and resource recovery of 60m3/h heavy oil sewage pretreatment device in 2005. The process optimization of pre treatment equipment must be carried out as soon as possible. Therefore, a lot of studies have been carried out in this paper on the comprehensive evaluation of the characteristics of the heavy oil processing sewage, the evaluation of the process operation of the sewage pretreatment equipment, and the evaluation of the technical evaluation of the biological degradation performance of the sewage, in order to improve the wastewater of heavy oil processing. The results show that the polar organic pollutants, sulfides and ammonia nitrogen content in the heavy oil processing sewage are high, which is beneficial to the formation of stable O/W emulsion. The sewage mainly contains organic acids, phenol, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heterocyclic macromolecular oxygen compounds, alcohols, esters, long chain alkanes and other organic pollutants, which restrict their biological degradation. The main internal cause of the solution is that the heavy oil processing sewage pretreatment device has good treatment effect on CODcr, petroleum, SS and other conventional indexes, but the biological toxicity of the effluent is strong, the degradation performance is poor, the B/C ratio is 0.16, and the Fenton oxidation method can improve the biodegradability of sewage, but it is difficult to industrialize because of the corrosion and operation complexity. Oxidation 20min can improve the biodegradability of sewage 15%. It is a preferable technology for controlling the biodegradability of sewage.

【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X742

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