定向钻回拖过程力学分析

发布时间：2018-05-08 00:14

本文选题：定向钻 + 回拖力　；参考：《西安石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：定向钻回拖过程是整个定向钻进施工中至关重要的一个环节,本文选取回拖力值预测和管道回拖过程中管道力学性能分析这两个切入点进行研究,为管道穿越河道技术的设计提供重要的理论技术支持。预测回拖力是水平定向钻技术研究的重点之一,可以为穿越工程方案设计、钻机型号选择、施工过程中管道稳定性评价以及回拖减阻工艺制定等重要环节提供有力依据,由于计算过程中忽略了某些影响因素或引入经验参数,使得现有的回拖力预测方法预测的准确度与可靠性较低,难以满足实际工程需要。本文系统深入地研究回拖阶段回拖力的理论计算方法,并通过工程实例数据评价了本文优选出的回拖力计算方法的准确度与可靠性,最后完成了对该方法的优化改进。然后贴近工程使用有限元软件建立工程实例模型,对回拖过程管道力学性能进行预测模拟分析,根据上述研究成果总结了穿越工程施工中管道回拖过程应力、应变以及移动距离等分布特点,最后细致描述了各项影响参数对管道受力的影响规律。主要研究内容与结论如下:首先对油气输送管道穿越工程施工规范方法、给水排水管道工程施工规范方法、卸荷拱土压力计算方法、净浮力计算方法、绞盘计算方法、美国材料实验学会ASTM方法、美国燃气管道研究会方法的各个适用条件和适用范围作出明确的说明,并且对各个公式计算结果中存在的差异做出详细合理的解释。从理论上弄清每个理论计算公式的优点和缺点,最后分析出计算回拖力值的最优化公式为绞盘计算方法;然后使用有限元软件对实际工程进行施工模拟,总结了穿越工程施工中管道回拖过程应力、应变以及移动距离等分布特点,观察管道回拖阶段中管道在不同物理参数(管道屈服强度、管道弹性模量、管道泊松比、管材密度、粘土密度、土层弹性模量、土层泊松比)影响下管道力学性能所产生的变化情况并对其进行描述;最后我们将七个回拖力理论计算公式带入到中缅天然气管道实际工程当中,验证先前理论分析得出的绞盘计算方法计算出的结果最接近实际回拖力施工值,并对绞盘计算法进行改进。
[Abstract]:The process of directional drilling and dragging is one of the most important links in the whole directional drilling construction. This paper selects two entry points to study the drag force value prediction and pipeline mechanical performance analysis in the process of pipeline back towing, and provides important theoretical and technical support for the design of pipeline crossing channel technology. The prediction of the drag force is the horizontal directional drilling technology. One of the key points of the study can provide a strong basis for the design of the project, the selection of the type of the drill, the evaluation of the stability of the pipeline and the formulation of the drag reduction and drag reduction process in the process of construction. The accuracy of the prediction method of the existing forecasting method of the current pull back force can be made due to the neglect of some influencing factors or the introduction of the empirical parameters in the calculation process. It is difficult to meet the needs of practical engineering with low reliability. In this paper, the theoretical calculation method of the back drag force is studied in this paper. The accuracy and reliability of the method is evaluated through the data of the engineering example. Finally, the optimization and improvement of the method are completed. Then the finite element software is used close to the project. In this paper, an example model is set up to simulate and analyze the mechanical properties of the pipeline in the process of back towing. According to the above research results, the distribution characteristics of the stress, strain and moving distance in the process of pipeline back towing are summarized. Finally, the influence rules of the influence parameters on the force of the pipeline are described in detail. The following are as follows: first, the construction standard method of oil and gas pipeline crossing project, the construction standard method of water supply and drainage pipeline engineering, the calculation method of unloading arch soil pressure, the calculation method of net buoyancy, the calculation method of the winch, the ASTM method of the American material experiment Society, the applicable conditions and the scope of application of the United States gas pipeline Research Institute method are made clear. A detailed explanation is made of the differences in the calculation results of each formula. The advantages and disadvantages of each theoretical formula are clarified in theory. Finally, the optimization formula for calculating the back drag force is analyzed as a winch calculation method, and then the construction simulation of the actual project is carried out by using the finite element soft parts, and the traversing is summarized. In engineering construction, the distribution characteristics of stress, strain and moving distance in the process of pipeline dragging are observed, and the changes in the mechanical properties of pipelines under the influence of different physical parameters (pipeline yield strength, pipe elasticity modulus, pipe Poisson's ratio, pipe density, clay density, soil layer elasticity modulus and soil Poisson ratio) are observed during the pipeline back towing stage. In the end, we introduce the seven theory of back drag force into the actual project of China Burmese natural gas pipeline, and verify that the results obtained by the previous theoretical analysis of the winch calculation method are most close to the actual construction value of the actual drag force, and improve the winch calculation method.

【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE243

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