无杆举升防结蜡逆变电源加热系统设计

发布时间：2018-05-08 04:17

本文选题：无杆举升 + 集肤效应　；参考：《哈尔滨理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着油田开采进入后期阶段稠油井的数量庞大，在稠油资源的开采工艺中，无杆举升工艺越来越受到广泛关注。为延长无杆举升工艺井的检泵周期，进一步降低原油粘度，改善井筒中原油的流动性，，对其实施电加热采油工艺。然而，目前电加热采油工艺中大多采用工频电，由于负载为单相，需要利用变压器将三相输入转换成单相输出，这会导致三相电网的不平衡，功率因数低，对电网的影响大。这种举升工艺的加热效率低，耗电量也很高。为了解决以上问题，本文设计了一种基于单片机控制的无杆举升防结蜡逆变电源加热系统。首先，介绍了电加热中用到的集肤效应理论，根据系统负载的实际特点，建立了其等效电路，并推导出空心抽油杆及杆内电缆的物理模型。对加热电源装置的硬件电路进行了设计，主要包括：全桥逆变主电路、单片机及外围控制电路、检测与保护电路、辅助电路、人机交互电路等。对加热电源装置系统的控制软件进行了设计。使单片机能够对电源输出交流电的电压和频率进行调节。依据现场的井况用户可以对电源装置的参数进行设置或实时控制操作，提高加热效率。最后，通过实验验证了电源装置的性能达到了设计要求。该电源装置的优势在于提升了电加热效率、保护和抗干扰能力。通过人机交互界面可以对电源的工作状态进行实时显示。本文的研究工作为无杆举升电加热过程中实现油管防结蜡提供了理论分析基础及实验方法。
[Abstract]:With the large number of heavy oil wells in the late stage of oilfield production, more and more attention has been paid to the rod lifting technology in the heavy oil resource extraction process. In order to prolong the period of pump inspection, reduce the viscosity of crude oil and improve the fluidity of crude oil in wellbore, electric heating oil recovery process was carried out. However, at present, most of the electric heating oil recovery technology uses power frequency electricity, because the load is single-phase, it is necessary to use transformer to convert the three-phase input into single-phase output, which will lead to the imbalance of three-phase power grid, low power factor, and great influence on the power grid. This lifting process has low heating efficiency and high power consumption. In order to solve the above problems, this paper designs a heating system based on singlechip control for the anti-wax inverter power supply. Firstly, the skin effect theory used in electric heating is introduced. According to the actual characteristics of system load, the equivalent circuit is established, and the physical model of hollow sucker rod and cable in rod is deduced. The hardware circuit of the heating power supply device is designed, including the main circuit of full-bridge inverter, single-chip microcomputer and peripheral control circuit, detection and protection circuit, auxiliary circuit, human-computer interaction circuit and so on. The control software of heating power supply system is designed. The single-chip microcomputer can adjust the voltage and frequency of the output AC power supply. According to the well condition in the field, the user can set the parameters of the power supply device or control the operation in real time, so as to improve the heating efficiency. Finally, the experimental results show that the performance of the power supply meets the design requirements. The advantage of this power supply is that it improves the efficiency of electric heating, protection and anti-interference. The working state of the power supply can be displayed in real time through the man-machine interface. The research work in this paper provides a theoretical analysis basis and experimental method for the realization of waxing prevention of tubing in the process of hoisting electric heating without rod.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE937

【参考文献】