钻杆自动输送装置动态特性仿真研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 21:34

本文选题：钻杆自动输送装置 + 动力学　；参考：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：钻杆自动输送装置俗称自动猫道，隶属钻机地面外围装备，用于实现钻杆在钻井平台和地面排放架之间自动化的往复运送。目前国内很多井场仍然使用以人工操作方式为主的传统猫道来运移钻杆，造成了工人劳动强度大、安全性差、自动化程度低及钻具损坏严重等现象，远远落后于国外先进的钻井行业技术，因此国内钻井行业的这些问题亟待解决。本文以钻杆自动输送装置为研究对象，对工作装置的结构组成及工作原理、关键部件的参数计算、节能效果以及动态特性等问题进行了探讨，主要研究内容和结论如下：本文首先介绍了钻杆自动输送装置的研究背景和意义，在阅读相关文献的基础上，综述了国内外钻杆输送装置的研究及应用现状。根据钻杆自动输送装置的设计要求和工作流程，对工作装置的起升机构、送杆机构以及节能机构的结构和工作原理进行了分析，并对钻杆自动输送装置的关键部件在极限载荷下的力学特性及结构参数计算、液压系统主要元件的选型应用等问题进行了研究。其次，运用多体动力学软件ADAMS建立了钻杆自动输送装置多刚体动力学模型，对其进行运动学和动力学仿真分析，，提取了钻杆的速度、位移和加速度、变幅液压缸推力以及送杆机构各铰点受力等动态特性变化曲线，验证了理论计算结果，评价了钻杆自动输送装置的工作性能。最后，在多刚体动力学模型基础上，基于有限元软件ANSYS和多体动力学软件ADAMS建立了变幅液压缸活塞杆、伸缩液压缸活塞杆、副动臂及挺杆柔性化的钻杆自动输送装置刚柔耦合动力学模型，根据仿真结果，一方面提取了考虑结构弹性变形时钻杆的速度、位移和加速度特性曲线，与多刚体模型的仿真结果进行对比分析，验证了关键部件的刚度满足设计要求；另一方面，提取了变幅液压缸活塞杆、伸缩液压缸活塞杆、副动臂及挺杆部件的应力云图及危险位置节点的动态应力变化曲线，验证其强度均满足要求，结果表明在刚柔耦合模型条件下工作装置同样具有良好的工作性能。通过对钻杆自动输送装置动态特性的研究，验证了工作装置的可行性，缩短了研发周期，为钻杆自动输送装置后续的优化设计提供了理论指导，具有较高的工程应用参考价值。
[Abstract]:The automatic conveying device of drill pipe is commonly called automatic catwalk, which belongs to the peripheral equipment of drilling rig. It is used to realize the automatic reciprocating transportation of drill pipe between drilling platform and ground discharge rack. At present, many wells in our country still use the traditional catwalk, which is mainly manual operation, to move the drill pipe, which results in the heavy labor intensity of workers, poor safety, low automation and serious damage to drilling tools, etc. It lags far behind the advanced drilling technology in foreign countries, so these problems need to be solved urgently in domestic drilling industry. In this paper, the structure and working principle of the drill pipe automatic conveyer are studied. The parameters calculation of the key components, the energy saving effect and the dynamic characteristics are discussed. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: This paper first introduces the research background and significance of drill pipe automatic conveyer, and summarizes the research and application status of drill pipe conveyer at home and abroad on the basis of reading relevant literature. According to the design requirements and working flow of the drill pipe automatic conveyer, the structure and working principle of the hoisting mechanism, the feeding mechanism and the energy saving mechanism of the working device are analyzed. The mechanical characteristics and structural parameters of the key components of the drill pipe automatic conveying device under the limit load and the selection and application of the main components of the hydraulic system are also studied. Secondly, the multi-rigid-body dynamics model of the drill pipe automatic conveying device is established by using multi-body dynamics software ADAMS. The kinematics and dynamics simulation analysis is carried out, and the velocity, displacement and acceleration of the drill pipe are extracted. The dynamic characteristic curves of the variable amplitude hydraulic cylinder thrust and the stress on the pivot points of the feed rod mechanism are used to verify the theoretical calculation results and to evaluate the working performance of the drill pipe automatic conveying device. Finally, on the basis of the multi-rigid body dynamics model, based on the finite element software ANSYS and the multi-body dynamics software ADAMS, the variable amplitude hydraulic cylinder piston rod and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod are established. According to the simulation results, the velocity, displacement and acceleration characteristic curves of the drill pipe considering the elastic deformation of the structure are obtained. Compared with the simulation results of the multi-rigid body model, the stiffness of the key components meets the design requirements. On the other hand, the piston rod of the variable amplitude hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder are extracted. The stress cloud diagram of the accessory arm and tappet and the dynamic stress change curve of the node at the dangerous position verify that its strength meets the requirements. The results show that the working device also has good working performance under the condition of rigid-flexible coupling model. Through the study of the dynamic characteristics of the drill pipe automatic conveying device, the feasibility of the working device is verified, the research and development cycle is shortened, and the theoretical guidance is provided for the subsequent optimization design of the drill pipe automatic conveying device, which has a high engineering application reference value.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE928

【参考文献】