液力推进式钻井工具理论分析与数字化样机设计

发布时间：2018-05-10 13:18

本文选题：液力 + 钻井工具　；参考：《西安石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：大位移水平井钻井过程中,水平段钻柱施加的钻压接近于零,钻压难以控制;钻头与井底接触不均匀,钻头受到变化的振动激励,上部钻具振动幅度较大。使用液力推进式钻井工具,通过钻井工具产生的压差可为钻头提供能量,产生钻压,增加水平段进尺位移;并且液力推进式钻井工具使井底钻具组合与上部钻具形成柔性连接,起到减振的效果。本文主要针对液力推进式钻井工具进行了数字化样机设计与理论分析。应用振动力学理论,建立钻柱系统“弹簧-阻尼”模型,导出钻柱系统振动微分方程,并运用MATLAB编制了相应的计算机程序进行求解,以串级型和多级型液力推进式钻井工具为例进行减振效果评价,从而验证该模型的合理性。本文对液力推进式钻井工具的重要部件(缸体、上接头、下端盖、活塞和活塞杆)进行结构设计,根据所设计的结构尺寸,利用三维建模软件进行数字化样机设计,并应用ANSYS workbench软件对重要部件进行有限元静力学分析及模态分析,结果表明各重要部件强度满足设计要求。将钻柱与液力推进式钻井工具简化成“弹簧-阻尼”模型,以脉冲信号、阶跃信号、正弦信号、三角波信号、狄利克雷信号、随机信号作为振动激励,对钻柱系统进行动态响应分析,上部钻具相对于下部钻具的幅值减小37%-50%,表明液力推进式钻井工具的减振效果较好。针对活塞直径、活塞杆长度和钻井泥浆密度三个参数,建立“三参数四水平”的正交试验模型,对液力推进式钻井工具的活塞直径、活塞杆长度进行优化,针对不同的钻井泥浆密度,选用不同关键参数的液力推进式钻井工具,才能发挥其优势。最后,对液力推进式钻进工具内部进行流体仿真,得到泥浆的压力云图和速度矢量图,分析了钻井泥浆密度、温度及环空间隙三个主要参数对钻压的影响。本文可为钻柱减振及控制钻压工具的设计与分析提供参考。
[Abstract]:In the drilling process of extended reach horizontal wells, the drilling pressure applied by the horizontal drill string is close to zero, the drilling pressure is difficult to control, and the bit is inhomogeneous in contact with the bottom hole, the bit is excited by varying vibration, and the vibration amplitude of the upper drilling tool is larger. Using hydraulic propulsion drilling tools, the pressure difference generated by drilling tools can provide energy for the drill bit, generate drilling pressure and increase the horizontal displacement, and the hydraulic propulsion drilling tool can make the bottom hole drilling tool combine with the upper drilling tool to form a flexible connection. It has the effect of reducing vibration. In this paper, the digital prototype design and theoretical analysis of hydraulic propulsion drilling tools are carried out. Based on the theory of vibration dynamics, the "spring-damping" model of drill string system is established, the differential equation of vibration of drill string system is derived, and the corresponding computer program is compiled by MATLAB to solve the problem. The vibration reduction effect of cascade and multistage hydraulic propulsion drilling tools was evaluated to verify the rationality of the model. In this paper, the important components of hydraulic propulsion drilling tool (cylinder block, upper joint, lower end cap, piston and piston rod) are designed. According to the designed structure size, the digital prototype is designed by using 3D modeling software. The finite element statics analysis and modal analysis of important components are carried out by using ANSYS workbench software. The results show that the strength of each important component meets the design requirements. The drill string and hydraulic propulsive drilling tool are simplified into a "spring-damping" model. The pulse signal, step signal, sinusoidal signal, triangular wave signal, Delikley signal and random signal are used as vibration excitation. The dynamic response analysis of drill string system shows that the amplitude of the upper drilling tool is 37 to 50 less than that of the lower drilling tool, which indicates that the vibration reduction effect of hydraulic propulsion drilling tool is better. According to the three parameters of piston diameter, piston rod length and drilling mud density, an orthogonal experimental model of "three parameters and four levels" is established to optimize the piston diameter and piston rod length of hydraulic propulsion drilling tools. According to different drilling mud density, hydraulic propulsion drilling tools with different key parameters can exert their advantages. Finally, the fluid simulation is carried out on the hydraulic propulsion drilling tool, and the pressure cloud diagram and velocity vector diagram of the mud are obtained, and the influence of drilling mud density, temperature and annulus clearance on the drilling pressure is analyzed. This paper can provide a reference for the design and analysis of drill string vibration control tools.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE921.2

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