混凝沉淀—曝气生物滤池处理非洲中资油田采油废水的研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 09:39

本文选题：混凝沉淀 + 曝气生物滤池　；参考：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：多年来,非洲原油均占中国石油进口比例的20%以上,中国国内经济发展的需求决定我们未来仍需继续从包括非洲在内的境外市场进口石油。这就涉及到发展和环境的关系。开采石油后对采油废水的处理是我们必须要重视的问题。本文针对非洲中资油田采油废水,开展与之相适应的采油废水处理技术遴选与集成,提出混凝沉淀与曝气生物滤池相结合的组合工艺。旨在通过对非洲地区采油废水进行处理示范,推动非洲地区采油废水处理的发展,通过集成技术的处理使采油废水达标排放,从而减轻采油废水对非洲水环境的污染。研究得出的结论主要有:1.在实验室设定条件下,当在PAM投量为60mg/L,PAC投量为200mg/L,沉降时间大于30min时,混凝沉淀处理效果最好,处理后水质清澈,废水中SS可降低至8mg/L,含油量可降低至5.2mg/L。2.通过研究陶粒、火山岩、沸石三种填料,发现陶粒填料生物滤池挂膜时间最短,为15天,且对废水中SS、含油量及COD均可起到很好的处理效果,去除率分别为93%-97%、82%-89%、70% 71%。3.混凝沉淀曝气生物滤池工艺中试研究表明,由于现场环境与实验室环境的差异,当混凝剂投量为PAC 200mg/L,PAM 60mg/L时,混凝沉淀出水色度去除效果不理想。调整混凝剂投加量为PAC 200mg/L,PAM 70mg/L时,混凝沉淀出水水质清澈,此时出水含油量低于5mg/L,SS低于10mg/L。调整相关参数继续进行中试试验,发现运行15天后,设备对SS、含油量、COD的去除率达到稳定状态,去除率分别约为93%、87%、71%。处理出水水质良好,出水优于非洲采油基地要求的排放标准。4.混凝沉淀-曝气生物滤池设备处理水量为2.5m3/h时,设备投资为19.18万元,处理1吨废水所需药剂成本为0.92元,所需电量约为1.3度。综上,混凝沉淀曝气生物滤池组合工艺可以经济的处理非洲中资油田采油废水中的COD、SS以及含油量,出水优于非洲中资油田要求的水质标准。
[Abstract]:Over the years, African crude oil has accounted for more than 20 percent of China's oil imports, and the demand for China's domestic economy has determined that we will continue to import oil from overseas markets, including Africa. This involves the relationship between development and the environment. We must pay attention to the treatment of oil recovery wastewater after oil extraction. In this paper, the selection and integration of oil recovery wastewater treatment technology suitable for Chinese-funded oil fields in Africa are carried out, and a combination process of coagulation sedimentation and biological aerated filter is put forward. The purpose of this paper is to promote the development of oil recovery wastewater treatment in Africa through the treatment demonstration of oil recovery wastewater in Africa, and to discharge the oil recovery wastewater up to standard through integrated technology, so as to reduce the pollution of oil recovery wastewater to African water environment. The main conclusions of the study were: 1: 1. Under the condition of laboratory setting, when the dosage of PAM is 60 mg / L and the sedimentation time is larger than 30min, the coagulation sedimentation treatment is the best. After the treatment, the water quality is clear, the SS in the wastewater can be reduced to 8 mg / L, and the oil content can be reduced to 5.2 mg / L. 2. By studying three kinds of fillers, ceramsite, volcanic rock and zeolite, it was found that the biofilter with ceramsite filler had the shortest time to hang membrane, which was 15 days, and had a good effect on the treatment of SS, oil content and COD in the wastewater. The removal rate was 93-9770.82% -89% and 71g 路3, respectively. The pilot-scale study of coagulation sedimentation and biological aerated filter process shows that, because of the difference between the field environment and the laboratory environment, when the coagulant dosage is 200mg / L Pam 60mg/L, the chrominance removal effect of the effluent is not ideal. When the dosage of coagulant is adjusted to PAC 200mg / L, the water quality of coagulation-precipitated effluent is clear, and the oil content of effluent is lower than 5 mg / L (SS) less than 10 mg 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). After 15 days of operation, the removal rate of SS and COD reached a stable state, and the removal rates were about 933% and 87% respectively. The quality of treated effluent is good, and the effluent is better than the discharge standard of Africa oil recovery base. When the amount of water treated by coagulation precipitation-biological aerated filter is 2.5m3/h, the investment of the equipment is 191800 yuan, the cost of reagents is 0.92 yuan, and the electricity requirement is about 1.3C. In conclusion, the combined process of coagulation, sedimentation and biological aeration filter can treat CODSS and oil content in African Chinese-funded oil field production wastewater economically, and the effluent is superior to the water quality standard required by African Chinese-funded oil field.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X741

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