锦91块注汽锅炉炉管结垢对传热性能影响规律数值计算

发布时间：2018-05-11 14:39

本文选题：锦91块 + 注汽锅炉　；参考：《东北石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：蒸汽驱是开采稠油油藏的重要技术,而注汽锅炉是稠油开采中的核心设备,炉管结垢是影响注汽锅炉热效率的主要因素,但注汽锅炉结垢复杂以及结垢对传热的影响机理难以预测,完全依靠理论分析和实验方面研究难度较大,难以掌握内部流体传质和传热的细节。因此,基于计算流体力学软件FLUENT和Workbench软件对注汽锅炉炉管结垢的传热影响分析进行计算分析尤为重要。本文以辽河油田锦91块注汽锅炉为研究对象,对其炉管所结垢的情况进行分析,辐射段炉管结垢成分多种,不同成分导热系数差别较大,但常见结构成分以碳酸盐垢为主,附着在炉管内壁。本文主要对辐射段的锅炉炉管的结垢进行分析,基于工程传热学三种导热规律基础,分析在炉管结垢情况下的炉管传热规律。综合考虑注汽锅炉的燃烧系统的特点,对炉膛的燃烧进行二维数值模拟,通过模拟结果得出炉膛内的温度场分布,温度沿炉膛径向和轴向的方向温度变化规律。通过对炉膛炉管流固耦合换热过程进行模拟,得到不同炉管的结垢厚度和导热系数的情况下对锅炉炉管的出口蒸汽生成质量的变化规律,导热热系数增大,蒸汽生成量增加,反之减小;结垢厚度增大,蒸汽的生成量减小,反之增大。另外得到炉膛出口烟气温度随着结垢厚度和导热系数不同的变化规律,结垢厚度增加,出口温度增加;导热系数增加,出口温度降低;对不同负荷下的注汽锅炉进行模拟分析,得出以下结论:不同负荷下的注汽锅炉随着结垢厚度的增加,蒸汽生成量减小,反之增加;不同负荷下的注汽锅炉随着结垢厚度的增加,炉膛的出口烟气温度升高,反之降低;注汽量大的注汽锅炉受结垢影响比较明显。基于流固耦合传热的数值方法,通过对炉管的局部进行热流固耦合传热分析,可以看出炉管在不同结垢厚度下和不同导热系数下的传热规律:温度从炉管外高温空间向内流体传递的过程是温度不均匀下降的过程,温度在管壁中传递较为均匀,遇到垢层,温度迅速下降,导热系数越大,温降越均匀;结垢厚度不同,不同位置炉管的温度传递规律也不同,结垢厚度越大,传热受导热系数变化的影响越小。
[Abstract]:Steam flooding is an important technology for heavy oil reservoir exploitation, and steam injection boiler is the core equipment in heavy oil mining. The fouling of furnace tube is the main factor affecting the thermal efficiency of steam injection boiler, but the fouling of steam injection boiler is complicated and the influence mechanism of scaling on heat transfer is difficult to predict. It is difficult to grasp the difficulty in theoretical analysis and experiment, and it is difficult to master. Internal fluid mass transfer and heat transfer details. Therefore, calculation and analysis based on computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT and Workbench software on the heat transfer of boiler tube scaling in steam injection boiler are particularly important. In this paper, the research object of the steam injection boiler of Jin 91 block in Liaohe Oilfield is the analysis of the scale of the furnace tube and the scaling of the radiant section furnace tube. The thermal conductivity of different components is different, but the common structural components are mainly carbonate scale, attached to the inner wall of the furnace tube. This paper mainly analyzes the scaling of the boiler tube in the radiation section. Based on the three heat conduction rules of the engineering heat transfer, the heat transfer law of the furnace tube in the case of furnace pipe scaling is analyzed. The steam boiler is considered synthetically. The characteristics of the combustion system are two dimensional numerical simulation of the furnace combustion. Through the simulation results, the temperature distribution in the furnace chamber is obtained. The temperature changes along the radial and axial direction of the furnace. Through the simulation of the heat transfer process of the furnace tube flow and solid coupling, the thickness and thermal conductivity of the furnace tube are obtained. The change rule of the steam generation quality of the outlet of the boiler tube, the heat coefficient of heat conduction increases, the amount of steam generation increases, and vice versa, the thickness of the scale increases, the production of steam decreases and vice versa, and the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the furnace increases with the variation of the thickness of scaling and the coefficient of thermal conductivity, the thickness of the fouling increases and the temperature of the outlet increases. The thermal conductivity increases and the outlet temperature decreases, and the steam injection boiler under different loads is simulated and analyzed. The following conclusion is drawn: with the increase of scaling thickness, the steam generating quantity decreases and vice versa increases with the increasing thickness of the steam injection boiler under different loads, and the flue gas temperature of the furnace outlet increases with the increase of the thickness of the fouling, and the furnace flue gas temperature increases. The effect of scaling of steam injection boiler with large steam injection is more obvious. Based on the numerical method of fluid solid coupling heat transfer, the heat transfer law of the furnace tube under the different thickness and different thermal conductivity can be seen through the analysis of the heat transfer heat transfer of the furnace tube, and the passing of the temperature from the outside of the furnace tube to the inner fluid can be seen. The process is the process of uneven temperature drop, the temperature is more uniform in the tube wall, the temperature drops rapidly, the heat conduction coefficient is larger, the temperature drop is more uniform; the thickness of the scaling is different, the temperature transfer law of the furnace tubes in different positions is different, the thicker the scale is, the smaller the influence of heat transfer coefficient changes.

【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE934.4

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