弱碱ASP驱双功能聚硅氧烷原油破乳剂的合成及性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 06:26

  本文选题：含氢硅油 + 聚醚　； 参考：《东北石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：三元复合驱采油技术作为一项重要的三次采油技术,在大庆油田得到广泛的推广和应用,驱油效果有目共睹。社会进步经济不断发展对石油的需求量也随之增多,大庆油田石油的开采进入后期发展阶段。采出液的含水率也随之增大,化学驱在提高采收率的同时采出液油水乳化严重,针对于三元复合驱采出液,液滴粒径较小,油水分离速率慢;聚合物的存在使采出液的粘度增高;油水界面张力较低,电负性强,油水界面膜强度高;采出液的机械杂质含量高,静置分层油水界面会出现中间层;过滤后采出液水的矿化度高,油水乳化程度高,产生油水分离难问题。三元复合驱原油开采过程中多种化学药剂的添加使采出液的成分有所改变,在一定程度上导致了原油集输管道的结垢现象的产生,管道结垢增加了液体流动的阻力造成能源流失,降低管道的利用率,所以油田急需研发一种兼并破乳和防垢功能的药剂,实现一剂多效给油田带来经济和社会效益。本文主要研究内容及结论如下:1.以低含氢硅油为主链,以烯丙基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯甲基醚、烯丙基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醋酸酯、烯丙基聚氧乙烯环氧基醚为支链,异丙醇为溶剂,氯铂酸为催化剂制备梳型聚硅氧烷原油破乳剂。通过单因素实验和正交试验探究反应温度、反应时间、物料比、溶剂用量、催化剂用量对反应转化率的影响确定最佳的合成工艺条件为硅氢键与碳碳双键的摩尔比为1:1.2,反应温度为100℃,催化剂用量为20μg/g,反应时间为5h,溶剂用量为45%,在此条件下转化率化率可达90.25%。通过红外光谱仪和核磁共振仪对产物进行结构表征,经图谱分析与预期目标产物一致,得到预期产物。2.环氧琥珀酸通过离子聚合反应制备聚环氧琥珀酸,通过单因素实验和正交试验探究聚合温度、聚合时间、体系碱度、引发剂用量对防垢率的影响确定最佳的合成工艺条件为聚合反应温度为100℃,聚合反应时间为3h,引发剂用量16%,碱用量为2%,在此条件下聚环氧琥珀酸的防垢率可达89.6%。通过红外光谱仪和核磁共振仪对产物进行结构表征,经图谱分析与预期目标产物一致,得到预期产物。聚环氧琥珀酸具有良好的防垢性能,为合成双功能聚硅氧烷原油破乳剂做准备。3.以梳型聚硅氧烷原油破乳剂和聚环氧琥珀酸为原料制备双功能聚硅氧烷原油破乳剂。以梳型聚硅氧烷原油破乳剂支链的环氧基通过开环加成反应接枝聚环氧琥珀酸,使原本具有破乳功能的破乳剂同时具有防垢功能,实现一剂多效。通过单因素实验和正交试验探究反应温度、反应时间、物料比、催化剂用量对反应转化率的影响确定最佳的合成工艺条件为环氧基与PESA摩尔比为1:1.2,反应温度为60℃,催化剂用量为20mg/g,反应时间为4h,在此条件下转化率达可达最大值90.08%。通过红外光谱仪和核磁共振仪对产物进行结构表征,经图谱分析与预期目标产物一致,得到预期产物。4.通过瓶试法对合成产物梳型聚硅氧烷原油破乳剂进行性能评价,研究不同的支链摩尔配比对破乳性能的影响,确定最佳支链的摩尔比为4:3:2。对双功能聚硅氧烷原油破乳剂进行破乳和防垢性能进行评价,确定最佳的摩尔比为4:3:3。通过表面张力仪对两个产物进行表面张力测定,梳型聚硅氧烷原油破乳剂当其浓度为0.6g/L表面张力到达最小值21.69 mN/m达到临界胶束浓度;双功能聚硅氧烷原油破乳剂其浓度为0.7g/L表面张力到达最小值22.43 mN/m达到了临界胶束浓度。在不同破乳剂用量、不同破乳时间、不同破乳温度的情况下对SP-169、GT-D01、P-1501、梳型聚硅氧烷原油破乳剂、双功能聚硅氧烷原油破乳剂进行性能评价,得出破乳剂SP-169在脱水率和油水界面状况方面表现良好,水相中含油量相对较多。破乳剂GT-D01在水相中含油量较低,脱水率较高,油水界面状况差。破乳剂P-1501在脱水率、水相中含油量和油水界面与其它相比没有优势。两种产物相比于其它破乳剂表现出优异的破乳性能。
[Abstract]:As an important three oil recovery technology, the three element compound flooding technology has been widely popularized and applied in Daqing oilfield. The effect of oil displacement is obvious to all. The demand for oil is increasing with the continuous development of social progress economy, and the exploitation of oil in Daqing oil field enters the stage of development. The water cut of the extracted liquid is also increased. In order to improve the recovery rate, the oil and water emulsification is serious at the same time of improving the recovery rate. It is aimed at the three element compound flooding recovery liquid, the droplet size is small, the oil and water separation rate is slow, the existence of the polymer makes the viscosity of the extraction liquid increase, the oil water interface tension is low, the electronegativity is strong, the oil water boundary mask is high, the mechanical impurity content of the extracted liquid is high and the oil and water is statically layering. The interlayer will appear in the middle layer; after the filtration, the salinity of the extracted liquid water is high and the oil and water emulsification is high, and the problem of oil and water separation is difficult. In the process of the three element composite flooding, the addition of chemical agents makes the composition of the extracted liquid change, to a certain extent, the scaling phenomenon of the crude oil gathering pipeline is caused, and the scale of the pipeline is increased. The resistance of liquid flow causes the loss of energy and the utilization of pipeline, so the oilfield needs to develop an agent for demulsification and anti scaling function, which can bring economic and social benefits to the oil field. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: 1. the main chain is low hydrogen containing silicon oil, and allyl polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene a Base ether, allyl polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene acetate, allyl polyoxyethylene epoxy ether as branch chain, isopropanol as solvent and chloropuric acid as catalyst to prepare combed polysiloxane crude oil demulsifier. Through single factor experiment and orthogonal test, the reaction temperature, reaction time, material ratio, solvent amount and catalyst dosage on reaction conversion rate were investigated. The optimum synthetic process is that the molar ratio of the hydrogen bond and carbon carbon double bond is 1:1.2, the reaction temperature is 100, the amount of catalyst is 20 g/g, the reaction time is 5h, and the amount of solvent is 45%. Under this condition, the conversion rate can reach 90.25%. through the infrared spectrometer and the nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus. In accordance with the expected target product, the expected product.2. epoxy succinic acid was prepared by ionic polymerization to prepare polyepoxide succinic acid. Through single factor experiment and orthogonal test, the polymerization temperature, polymerization time, system alkalinity, and the effect of initiator dosage on the scale prevention rate were determined to determine the optimum synthesis process for polymerization temperature of 100 C. The polymerization time was 3h, the dosage of initiator was 16%, the amount of alkali was 2%. In this condition, the anti scaling rate of polyepoxide was 89.6%. through the infrared spectrometer and nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus. The desired product was obtained by the atlas analysis and the expected target products. Polyepoxide acid has good scale resistance and is synthesized. Double functional polysiloxane crude oil demulsifier is prepared with.3. with combed polysiloxane crude oil demulsifier and polyepoxide succinic acid as raw material to prepare double functional polysiloxane crude oil demulsifier. The epoxy group of combed polysiloxane crude oil demulsifier branch chain is graft copolymerization of polyepoxide succinic acid to make demulsifier with demulsification function. By single factor experiment and orthogonal test, the optimum synthesis conditions of reaction temperature, reaction time, material ratio, and catalyst dosage on reaction conversion rate are determined as 1:1.2, reaction temperature is 60, catalyst dosage is 20mg/g, reaction time is 4h, Under this condition, the conversion rate can reach the maximum value of 90.08%., the structure of the product is characterized by IR and NMR. The desired product.4. is evaluated by the bottle test, and the performance of the synthetic product comb type polysiloxane crude oil demulsifier is evaluated by the spectrum analysis, and the different molar molar ratio is studied. The effect of demulsification and determining the mole ratio of the best branched chain is 4:3:2. to evaluate the demulsification and anti fouling performance of the double functional polysiloxane crude oil demulsifier. The optimum molar ratio is to determine the surface tension of the two products by the surface tension instrument of 4:3:3.. The comb type polysiloxane crude oil demulsifier is when the concentration is 0.6g/L surface tension. The force reached the minimum value of 21.69 mN/m to reach the critical micelle concentration, and the concentration of the double functional polysiloxane crude oil demulsifier was that the 0.7g/L surface tension reached the minimum value of 22.43 mN/m to reach the critical micelle concentration. In the case of different demulsifier dosage, different demulsification time and different demulsification temperature, SP-169, GT-D01, P-1501, comb type polysiloxane crude oil broke. The performance evaluation of emulsion, double functional polysiloxane crude oil demulsifier, it is concluded that the demulsifier SP-169 has good performance in dehydration rate and oil and water interface condition, the oil content in the water phase is relatively high. The demulsifier GT-D01 has low oil content in the water phase, the dehydration rate is high, the oil and water interface is poor. The demulsifier P-1501 is in the dehydration rate, the oil content and oil in the water phase. The water interface has no advantage over other products. The two products show excellent demulsification performance compared with other demulsifier.

【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE39
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本文编号：1891346