游梁式抽油机传动系统效能分析与节能技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 19:08

本文选题：游梁式抽油机 + 运动学　；参考：《华北电力大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,游梁式抽油机作为运用最为广泛的采油设备。其优势在于结构简单、操作方便、便于制造维修、工作稳定。但是效率低下是其最大的缺点。故而大量游梁式抽油机的长期工作所带来的经济损失也是巨大的。本文通过对游梁式抽油机进行能耗分析,提出节能改造方案,达到节能降耗的目的。当前针对游梁式抽油机传动系统效能分析研究的方法主要是以实地收集数据为主,游梁式抽油机工作环境恶劣,每一口机井抽油参数不一致,这给研究工作带来了很大的困难,上、下冲程悬点载荷、曲柄轴扭矩的巨大波动也是效能分析的重点难点。本文首先通过游梁式抽油机传动系统各部件的几何位置关系进行运动学分析,得到悬点位移、速度、加速度随曲柄转角的变化情况,分析研究得到具体的计算方法；其次,根据加速度的计算方法,总结抽油杆静变形量、悬点动载荷、静载荷、曲柄轴扭矩的算法,以及合理选取电动机的方法,并结合MATLAB对常规型游梁式抽油机CYJ-10-3-63HB进行效能分析的实现,画出动力施工图、曲柄轴输出扭矩曲线图,并得效能分析的具体方法；最后,提出节能改造方案,即将四连杆换向机构更改为齿轮换向机构,平衡配重根据1/2原则将配重块悬挂于游梁后臂末端,得到新型节能抽油机,并通过理论效能分析得到其效率较实例计算的机型提高了9.01%。文章研究方向以及研究成果可分文两个方面：其一是基于游梁式抽油机传动系统结构分析、运动特性分析与研究并结合MATLAB软件功能得出适用于游梁式抽油机传动系统效能分析的计算方法；其二是结合效能分析结果提出节能改造方案,再通过效能分析的计算方法验证方案可行性,最终得出方案可行的结论。
[Abstract]:At present, beam pumping unit as the most widely used oil production equipment. Its advantages are simple structure, convenient operation, convenient manufacturing and maintenance and stable work. But inefficiency is its biggest weakness. Therefore, the economic loss caused by the long-term work of a large number of beam pumping units is also enormous. In this paper, the energy consumption of beam pumping unit is analyzed, and the energy saving retrofit scheme is put forward to achieve the purpose of saving energy and reducing consumption. At present, the main method of analysis and research on the efficiency of transmission system of beam pumping unit is to collect data on the spot. The working environment of beam pumping unit is bad, and the pumping parameters of each well are not consistent, which brings great difficulties to the research work. It is also the key point of efficiency analysis that the load of suspension point of upper and lower stroke and the huge fluctuation of crank shaft torque are also important and difficult in efficiency analysis. In this paper, the kinematics analysis of the geometric position of the components of the drive system of beam pumping unit is carried out, and the variation of the suspension displacement, velocity and acceleration with the angle of the crank is obtained, and the concrete calculation method is obtained. According to the calculation method of acceleration, the algorithms of static deformation of sucker rod, dynamic load of suspension point, static load, torque of crank shaft, and the method of selecting motor reasonably are summarized. Combined with the realization of efficiency analysis of conventional beam pumping unit CYJ-10-3-63HB by MATLAB, the dynamic construction drawing, the output torque curve of crank shaft and the concrete method of efficiency analysis are drawn. That is, the four-bar commutator is changed to the gear commutator, and the balance counterweight is suspended at the end of the rear arm of the beam according to the one-second principle of balance counterweight, and a new type of energy-saving pumping unit is obtained. Through the theoretical efficiency analysis, it is found that the efficiency of the model is 9.01% higher than that of the model calculated by an example. The research direction and the research results can be divided into two aspects: one is based on the structure analysis of the transmission system of beam pumping unit. Based on the analysis and research of motion characteristics and the function of MATLAB software, the calculation method for efficiency analysis of drive system of beam pumping unit is obtained. The second is to put forward a scheme of saving energy according to the result of efficiency analysis. The feasibility of the scheme is verified by the calculation method of efficiency analysis, and the conclusion that the scheme is feasible is finally obtained.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE933.1

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