钻屑甩干机的设计与研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 16:19

本文选题：钻屑甩干机 + 结构设计　；参考：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：过去,为了提高经济效益,各大油田往往将经过沉降池、振动筛和离心机等多级固控设备处理后的废弃钻屑就地深层掩埋,这给环境带来了长期的影响。随着国家环保标准的提高,国内各大石油平台开始重视废弃钻井钻屑带来的污染,并加大了资金投入,旨在缓解废弃石油钻屑处理不当,污染环境的现象。然而目前常用固控设备处理后的废弃钻屑含液量仍然较高,直接排放会造成环境的严重污染,并造成大量钻井液的浪费。为提高钻井液的回收效率,降低对环境的污染,亟需更有效、经济的方式来处理废弃钻屑。此时,钻屑甩干机开始逐步运用到废弃钻屑处理过程中来,钻屑甩干机的引入使钻屑处理变得高效简单,降低环境污染的同时还可以回收废弃钻屑中的钻井液提高经济效益。而且使用钻屑甩干机处理废弃钻屑要比经过复杂程序处理废弃钻屑成本低很多。鉴于此,本文设计了一种双转鼓钻屑甩干机,用以提高钻屑处理量,缓解钻屑甩干机工作过程中颗粒堵塞的现象,进一步节约成本提高经济效益。本文主要进行了以下几个部分的工作:第一部分,通过调研发现钻屑甩干机处理后的废弃钻屑含液量低于5%,符合HSE要求和6%OOC标准。但是研究钻屑甩干机的一些现场案例后发现,钻屑甩干机运转过程中存在一些较大的不足之处,如钻屑甩干机工作过程中筛网容易堵塞,处理量较小,差速系统造价高、维护困难等。第二部分,针对目前甩干机的不足之处,提出了一种双转鼓钻屑甩干机,介绍了双转鼓钻屑甩干机的工作原理,利用机械设计相关理论对钻屑甩干机的主要部件:螺旋刮刀、转鼓、筛网、筛网轴、转鼓轴和几何形状为等腰三角形的带传动进行了结构设计,为后续仿真模型的建模打下基础。第三部分,分析了颗粒群在螺旋刮刀转鼓-筛网模型和转鼓-筛网模型中的受力情况,并简单介绍了离散元理论,为后续运用仿真分析颗粒的受力提供理论基础。第四部分,提出了螺旋刮刀甩干机模型,并对比分析了低处理量下螺旋刮刀转鼓-筛网模型和传统转鼓-筛网模型中颗粒的运移情况,得出改进后的螺旋刮刀转鼓-筛网模型工作效率优势明显。第五部分,运用离散元软件EDEM进一步分析了钻屑甩干机中螺旋角度、转鼓高度和入料处理量、转速差给颗粒群的运移带来的影响,得出了钻屑甩干机工作的最佳工作参数和结构参数。
[Abstract]:In the past, in order to improve economic efficiency, the waste drilling chips treated by multi-stage solid control equipment, such as settling pool, vibrating screen and centrifuge, were often buried deep in place in various oil fields, which had a long-term impact on the environment. With the improvement of national environmental protection standards, the major oil platforms in China began to pay attention to the pollution caused by the waste drilling cuttings, and increased the investment in order to alleviate the phenomenon of improper handling of waste oil drilling chips and pollution of the environment. However, the liquid content of waste drilling cuttings is still high after treatment of common solid control equipment, and the direct discharge will cause serious environmental pollution and waste a large amount of drilling fluid. In order to improve the recovery efficiency of drilling fluid and reduce the pollution to the environment, it is necessary to deal with the waste drilling debris in a more effective and economical way. At this time, the driller began to be gradually used in the process of waste drilling and cuttings treatment. The introduction of the drillers makes the treatment of drilling cuttings more efficient and simple, and can reduce the environmental pollution and improve the economic efficiency by recovering the drilling fluid from the waste drilling debris at the same time. Moreover, it is much cheaper to treat waste drilling chips by using drilling scraps drying machine than by complex procedures. In view of this, this paper designs a kind of double drum drilling chip flick dryer, which is used to increase the handling capacity of drilling chip, alleviate the phenomenon of particle blockage in the working process of the driller, and further economize the cost and increase the economic benefit. The main work of this paper is as follows: in the first part, it is found that the liquid content of the waste drilling chip is lower than 5, which conforms to the requirements of HSE and the standard of 6%OOC. However, after studying some field cases of the drillers, it is found that there are some shortcomings in the operation of the drillers, such as the sieve screen is easily blocked in the working process of the drillers, the handling capacity is relatively small, and the cost of the differential speed system is high. Maintenance difficulties, etc. In the second part, aiming at the deficiency of the drying machine at present, the paper puts forward a kind of double drum drilling chip drying machine, introduces the working principle of the double drum drilling chip drying machine, and applies the relevant theory of mechanical design to the main component of the drilling chip drying machine: the screw scraper. The structural design of drum, screen mesh shaft, drum shaft and belt drive with geometric shape of isosceles triangle is carried out, which lays the foundation for the modeling of subsequent simulation model. In the third part, the force of particle group in the model of spiral scraper drum screen mesh and drum screen mesh model is analyzed, and the discrete element theory is introduced briefly, which provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent application of simulation to analyze the force of particles. In the fourth part, the model of screw scraper flick dryer is put forward, and the movement of particles in spiral scraper drum sieve mesh model and traditional drum screen model is compared and analyzed. The improved screw scraper drum-screen model has obvious advantages in working efficiency. In the fifth part, the influence of screw angle, drum height, feed handling capacity and rotational speed difference on the movement of particle group is further analyzed by using discrete element software EDEM. The optimum working parameters and structure parameters are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE92

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