地下密闭空间燃气爆炸冲击波传播规律

发布时间：2018-05-17 17:56

本文选题：城市地下管网 + 密闭空间　；参考：《天然气工业》2017年02期

【摘要】：油气管线在城市地下组成了密集的管网,并与地下暗渠、电缆沟等市政管涵地下密闭空间相邻或交叉。在燃气通过管线输送的过程中,由于泄漏而进入密闭空间并引起爆炸的事故时有发生且往往会导致较为严重的后果。为此,借助LS—DYNA非线性动力分析有限元软件,基于流固耦合与ALE多物质算法,建立密闭空间下燃气爆炸数值计算模型,探究了密闭空间燃气爆炸过程中爆炸冲击波的传播与衰减变化规律。数值计算结果表明:与将爆炸假设为理想点源爆炸不同,在密闭空间结构环境的限制作用下,爆炸冲击波最初以椭球状形式分布,在传播过程中逐渐向球状冲击波发展,并迅速衰减,最终在大气环境中沿密闭空间宽度方向上传播距离最远。根据爆炸冲击波超压幅值对人体的影响程度划分不同的伤亡等级,拟合数值计算结果得到了密闭空间爆炸冲击波传播衰减计算公式,据此可以准确划分密闭空间爆炸事故后果不同伤亡等级区域范围。
[Abstract]:The oil and gas pipelines form a dense pipeline network under the city and are adjacent to or intersecting with the underground closed spaces of municipal culverts such as underground culverts and cable trenches. In the process of gas transportation through pipeline, accidents that enter the airtight space because of leakage and cause explosions occur frequently and often lead to more serious consequences. Based on the finite element software of LS-DYNA nonlinear dynamic analysis, based on the fluid-solid coupling and ALE multi-matter algorithm, the numerical model of gas explosion in airtight space is established. The law of propagation and attenuation of blast wave during gas explosion in airtight space is studied. The numerical results show that, unlike the hypothesis that the explosion is an ideal point source, under the restriction of the confined space structure, the explosion shock wave initially distributes in the form of ellipsoid, and gradually develops to the spherical shock wave in the process of propagation. And it decays rapidly and eventually propagates the farthest distance along the width of the closed space in the atmospheric environment. According to the influence degree of explosion shock wave overpressure amplitude on human body, different casualty grades are classified, and the formula of propagation attenuation of explosion shock wave in airtight space is obtained by fitting the numerical results. According to this, the area of different casualty grade of explosion accident in airtight space can be accurately divided.
【作者单位】：华南理工大学安全科学与工程研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:21576102) 广东省安全生产专项资金项目(编号:2014-89)
【分类号】：TE88

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