水平井分段喷砂压裂技术在华北油田的应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 04:08

本文选题：水平井 + 分段压裂　；参考：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来随着油田采收率的下降,老龄油田采出原油含水率高达95%,甚至更高,整体的采油效能低下。对老油井的改造增产已成为现阶段油田的主要研究应用方向,而压裂改造作为油气井的主要改造措施,是国内外的主要研究方向。美国约40%的油井和70%的新气井是经改造压裂后增产的。而我国的压裂技术也在逐渐应用于多个石油开采地区。由于我国大部分地区的油田属于低渗透地质构造,裂缝在起裂过程中位置与扩展方向难以控制,直接影响着压裂的成功率。水力喷砂压裂技术对非均质、连通性差、低渗透等油气藏效果明显。水力喷砂压裂技术正在世界范围内得到发展和应用。本文在对水平井开采技术,特别是水平井喷砂压裂技术的国内外发展现状进行总结的基础上,结合分段压裂的特点,对水力喷砂射孔和水力喷砂压裂的机理进行研究,为施工中井下工具的设计与选型、施工液体和施工管柱结构的优化奠定了理论基础。设计了新型的锥形喷嘴式水力喷砂射孔工具,并结合冀中油田渗透性差,产液量低的特点,对施工液体体系、磨料及支撑剂等进行优化选配,对压裂管柱及其施工操作流程进行了优化设计。在我国华北油田地区进行水平井分段喷砂压裂增产实验,并对实验结果进行了系统分析,为水平井分段喷砂压裂技术的应用提供了现场实验数据及效果总结,有利于该技术的推广应用,有利于推动低渗透油田的高效、持续发展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the decline of oil recovery, the water cut of crude oil produced in aging oilfield is as high as 95% or higher, and the overall oil recovery efficiency is low. Revamping and increasing production of old oil wells has become the main research and application direction of oil fields at present, and fracturing as the main measures of oil and gas wells is the main research direction at home and abroad. About 40% of American wells and 70% of new gas wells are produced after fracturing. Fracturing technology in China is also gradually applied in many oil extraction areas. Because the oil fields in most areas of China belong to low permeability geological structure, it is difficult to control the position and spreading direction of fracture in the process of fracture initiation, which directly affects the success rate of fracturing. Hydraulic sand blasting fracturing technology has obvious effect on heterogeneous, poor connectivity and low permeability oil and gas reservoirs. Hydraulic sand blasting fracturing technology is being developed and applied all over the world. On the basis of summing up the development of horizontal well production technology, especially horizontal well sand blasting fracturing technology at home and abroad, combined with the characteristics of fracturing, this paper studies the mechanism of hydraulic sand blasting perforation and hydraulic sand blasting fracturing. It lays a theoretical foundation for the design and selection of downhole tools and optimization of construction liquid and construction pipe string structure. A new type of conical nozzle hydraulic sand blasting perforating tool is designed. Combined with the characteristics of poor permeability and low liquid production in Jizhong Oilfield, the construction liquid system, abrasive and proppant are optimized. The optimum design of fracturing string and its operation flow is carried out. The experiment of sand blasting fracturing in horizontal wells is carried out in Huabei Oilfield area of China, and the experimental results are systematically analyzed, which provides the field experimental data and effect summary for the application of the fracturing technology in horizontal wells. It is beneficial to the popularization and application of this technology and to the promotion of high efficiency and sustainable development of low permeability oilfields.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE357

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