油气集输站场工艺管道腐蚀剩余壁厚检测方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 14:53

本文选题：脉冲涡流 + 油气集输　；参考：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：油气集输站场包括计量站、转油站、脱水站等,作为重要的石油运输枢纽,每天所通过和处理的原油量非常大,而原油包含多种腐蚀性液体以及腐蚀性气体成分,这种腐蚀性混合液体对站场工艺管壁的冲刷以及腐蚀是造成管道失效的主要形式。脉冲涡流检测技术以其频谱宽、穿透力强、无需耦合剂以及可以实现在线快速检测的特点,在无损检测领域逐渐得到广泛应用。本文针对因腐蚀而引起的管壁减薄现象对脉冲涡流检测技术进行研究,完成的主要工作如下:(1)介绍了传统涡流检测的基本原理,主要涉及阻抗分析法和趋肤效应;利用电路过渡过程理论和脉冲涡流基础理论分析了脉冲涡流检测技术;从电路方面对脉冲涡流检测技术进行理论分析,得出检测信号的电压和相位模型。(2)搭建了脉冲涡流检测的有限元模型,采用多物理场有限元仿真软件COMSOL对检测系统进行了仿真研究。实现了对线圈匝数、激励频率等参数的优化,并进一步研究了管道中流体对检测结果的影响。(3)设计了检测系统的总体实验方案,包括激励电源、方波激励电路、传感器线圈、信号处理电路、采集卡、软件设计等,然后针对方波激励电路、传感器线圈、信号处理电路及软件进行了设计。(4)在COMSOL模型仿真、实验系统以及硬件设计的基础上进行分组实验,管道内无液体时的壁厚检测、加入水和混合液体等不同流体时的壁厚检测,实验结果表明脉冲涡流无损检测技术在管内是否有液体时对管道剩余壁厚的检测都具有很好的效果,并且灵敏度高、可靠性好。
[Abstract]:Oil and gas gathering and transportation stations include metering stations, transfer stations, dehydration stations, and so on. As important oil transportation hubs, the amount of crude oil passed through and processed every day is very large, and crude oil contains a variety of corrosive liquids and corrosive gas components. The erosion and corrosion of the pipe wall caused by the corrosive mixed liquid are the main forms of pipeline failure. Pulse eddy current testing technology has been widely used in the field of nondestructive testing because of its wide spectrum, strong penetration, no coupling agent and the ability to realize on-line rapid detection. In this paper, the pulse eddy current testing technology is studied for the wall thinning phenomenon caused by corrosion. The main work accomplished is as follows: 1) the basic principle of traditional eddy current testing is introduced, mainly involving impedance analysis method and skin effect. Based on the theory of circuit transition process and the basic theory of pulse eddy current, the pulse eddy current detection technology is analyzed theoretically from the aspect of circuit. The finite element model of pulse eddy current detection is built, and the multi-physical field finite element simulation software COMSOL is used to simulate the detection system. The parameters of coil turn and excitation frequency are optimized, and the influence of fluid in pipeline on the test result is studied. The overall experimental scheme of the detection system is designed, including the exciting power source, square wave excitation circuit, sensor coil, etc. Signal processing circuit, data acquisition card, software design, etc., and then designed for square wave excitation circuit, sensor coil, signal processing circuit and software. (4) on the basis of COMSOL model simulation, experimental system and hardware design, the paper carries out grouping experiments. The measurement of wall thickness when there is no liquid in the pipe, and the wall thickness detection with different fluids such as water and mixed liquid, etc. The experimental results show that the pulsed eddy current nondestructive testing technique has a good effect on the detection of the remaining wall thickness of the pipe when there is liquid in the pipe. And the sensitivity is high, the reliability is good.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE988.2;TG115.28

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