陕京三线输气管道山西临县段洪水灾害静态评价方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 00:16

本文选题：线状工程 + 危险度评价　；参考：《中北大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：管道运输具有成本低、安全性高，尤其适合长距离运输易燃易爆的石油、天然气等产品。但是，作为一种线状工程形式的基础设施，油气管道具有距离长和跨度大的特点，沿线气象和地质灾害风险具有较大差异性，难以有效确定重点防控区域，任一管段发生事故则影响全线，损失巨大。以黄土高原地区的油气管道为例，线路区土壤可蚀性高，水土流失严重，夏季短时强降雨可引起剧烈的地形变化，使地下埋设的管线发生暴露、位移等危害管道安全运行的洪水风险事件。交叉河流洪水诱发的油气管道失效风险一直以来都是油气管道运行安全管理的薄弱环节，水工保护工程措施受到高度重视。但是，水工保护工程成本高，设防标准不明确，难以在长输管线全线施行。因此，急需简单有效的方法进行洪水危险度评价，确定高风险管段，以进行有效的重点防控。线状工程沿程穿跨河流，由于不同河流的汇水面积、地形、降雨、下垫面条件等因素可存在较大差异，不同工程段遭遇洪水的危险程度不同，需要简单有效的方法进行洪水危险度评价。本文以陕京三线输气管道山西临县段为例，定量分析了每个管道穿河段的洪水风险因子，包括汇水区的面积、降雨、高差、形状、土地利用、植被指数等因子，穿河点的纵向比降和横向高差等因子。根据穿河管段的实际水毁记录，，采用多元线性回归模型，确定了各因子的权重，建立了洪水危险度评估方法，并绘制了陕京三线山西临县段洪水危险度分布图。成果为管道运行安全防护措施的制定和实施提供依据，方法可为类似线状工程的洪水风险评价提供参考。
[Abstract]:Pipeline transportation has low cost, high safety, especially suitable for long distance transportation of flammable and explosive oil, natural gas and other products. However, as a kind of linear engineering infrastructure, oil and gas pipeline has the characteristics of long distance and long span, and the risk of meteorological and geological disasters along the line is quite different, so it is difficult to determine the key prevention and control area effectively. An accident in any section of the pipe will affect the whole line and cause huge losses. Taking the oil and gas pipelines in the Loess Plateau as an example, the pipeline area has high soil erodibility, serious soil erosion and severe rainfall in summer, which can cause severe topographic changes and expose buried pipelines. Displacement and other flood risk events that endanger the safe operation of pipelines. The risk of oil and gas pipeline failure induced by cross river flood has always been a weak link in the safety management of oil and gas pipeline operation. The hydraulic protection engineering measures have been attached great importance to. However, the cost of hydraulic protection works is high, the standard of protection is not clear, and it is difficult to carry out long-distance pipeline line. Therefore, a simple and effective method is urgently needed to evaluate the flood risk and determine the high risk section in order to carry out effective key prevention and control. Due to the great differences in water catchment area, topography, rainfall and underlying surface conditions of different rivers, the risk degree of flood in different engineering sections is different. A simple and effective method is needed for flood risk assessment. In this paper, taking Shanxi Linxian section of Shaanjing third Line Gas Pipeline as an example, the flood risk factors of each pipeline passing through the river reach are quantitatively analyzed, including the area of catchment area, rainfall, height difference, shape, land use, vegetation index, and so on. Factors such as longitudinal ratio drop and transverse height difference at the crossing point. According to the actual water damage records of the river crossing section, the weight of each factor is determined by using the multivariate linear regression model, the flood risk assessment method is established, and the flood risk distribution map of Shanxi Linxian section of the third Shaanxi-Beijing Line is drawn. The results provide a basis for the formulation and implementation of safety protection measures for pipeline operation, and the method can be used as a reference for flood risk assessment of similar linear projects.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE973.4

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