热洗井自动化控制

发布时间：2018-05-23 08:00

  本文选题：热力洗井 + 清蜡　； 参考：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：油井的热洗工作一般包含以下四个步骤:预热清洗,溶蜡,排蜡及冲洗。热洗工作进行过程中,需要确定出时间和流量这两个参数,以便很好的对洗井工作进行控制,确定这两个参数需要根据油井的结垢和结蜡状况,再通过热洗理论将油井的测试温度代入相关公式中计算而得出。并根据去回水温度T1,T2确定洗井工作的开始与结束。设计了一个洗井自动控制系统,其关键部分是自控电路,还包括流量计和自动调节阀,其中自控电路的性能状况对整个系统的稳定性和可靠性有很直接影响,所以,整个系统设计各部分中,最主要部分就是电路设计。在热洗井技术不断改进的趋势影响下,许多油田为避免传统热洗技术的不足,参考各自油井的不同特点开发出许多热洗控制系统,整个系统的关键部分就是微控制器,主要对测量获得的数据进行运算并作出相应处理,发出指令来控制外设,微控制器和外设之间通过数据传输电路连接起来,以便通过数据交换来控制外部设备。在大庆油田一次试验中,测到去回水温度分别是8 5℃,和75℃,相应的热洗管道水压力是3.1兆帕,对热洗参数进行设置,经过四小时运行后,井下六百米深处的结蜡得以溶解,并有效排出。可以采用智能控制系统来减少热洗时间,还可以减少洗井造成的损失,使得每个油井产量每年增加86吨,倒灌现象也得以控制,通过这次实验证明此系统操作简单,稳定性能良好,并且不容易出现故障。
[Abstract]:The hot washing of oil wells generally consists of the following four steps: preheating cleaning, wax dissolving, dewaxing and washing. In the process of hot washing, two parameters, time and flow rate, need to be determined in order to control well washing well work well, and these two parameters need to be determined according to the scale and wax deposition condition of oil well. The test temperature of oil well is calculated by heat washing theory. The start and end of well washing are determined according to the temperature T 1 T 2. An automatic well washing control system is designed, the key part of which is the automatic control circuit, which also includes the Flowmeter and the automatic control valve. The performance of the automatic control circuit has a direct impact on the stability and reliability of the whole system, so, In the whole system design each part, the most important part is the circuit design. Under the influence of the continuous improvement of hot washing technology, in order to avoid the shortage of traditional hot washing technology, many oil fields have developed many heat washing control systems according to the different characteristics of their respective wells. The key part of the whole system is microcontroller. The data obtained from the measurement are calculated and processed accordingly, and instructions are issued to control the peripheral devices. The microcontrollers and peripherals are connected by data transmission circuits in order to control the peripheral devices through data exchange. In a test in Daqing Oilfield, it was found that the backwater temperature was 8.5 鈩，

本文编号：1923920