湿天然气管道防卡堵射流清管器研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 08:30

本文选题：湿天然气管道 + 防卡堵射流清管器　；参考：《中国石油大学(华东)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在湿天然气管道中,气液两相易发生滑脱而形成滞留液,这将减小有效输气流通面积;且海底凝析液管道温度低、压力高,易生成水合物而堵塞管道。针对这一问题,可采用定期清管来清扫管道内积液,提高输气效率。传统清管器清管过程中,会在清管器前端形成液塞,造成清管器运行极不稳定,尤其在立管阶段,清管器速度不断增加,导致终端捕集器瞬间接收大量凝析液,对捕集器造成巨大冲击。防卡堵射流清管器可有效解决这些问题,因此其研究具有重要意义。本文在综合研究国内外射流清管器研究现状及结构设计的基础上,总结了射流清管器的运动模型,给出了新型清管器设计结构。该射流清管器可以实现一定开度的旁通率,起到降低清管器运动速度、减小管线压力波动、控制气液流型的作用,同时一旦遇到清管器卡堵情况,清管器内部阀门可以向前移动,封堵气体旁通通道,增大清管器两端压差,实现清管器的再启动。防卡堵射流清管器的核心在于旁通率的优选和防卡堵阀门的设计。本文结合荔湾某一海底天然气凝析液管线,利用OLGA数值模拟软件对不同旁通率清管器清管过程进行模拟研究,通过对比清管器速度、管线压力变化、终端液塞流量变化、持液率和流型等参数,进行旁通率的优选,确定最佳旁通率;同时模拟研究正常管输、正常清管过程、清管卡堵等条件下为防止水合物生成所需添加的MEG的最低加注量,保证清管工况安全进行。为了实现射流清管器的防卡堵功能,在清管器内部添加阀门控制元件,其中弹簧元件是实现卡堵再启动的关键。本文通过Fluent数值模拟软件对室内清管器受力测试进行了数值模拟,研究分析了不同旁通率清管器在不同压差工况下阀门的受力情况,并总结了清管器两端压差对阀门受力的影响规律。通过在室内搭建试验管路,对清管器内部阀门受力进行了测试研究。利用微型测力传感器均匀布置于气流轴向平面上进行受力测试,通过改变清管器旁通率、阀门位移量、气体流量等参数,实现试验与Fluent数值模拟的相互验证,同时分析研究旁通率、阀门位移量、气体流速对阀门受力的影响规律,最终得到弹簧元件的设计方法,从而为完整的防卡堵射流清管器设计准则提供基础。
[Abstract]:In the wet gas pipeline, the gas-liquid two-phase is easy to slip and form the retention liquid, which will reduce the effective gas flow area, and the submarine condensate pipeline is easy to form hydrates and block the pipeline because of its low temperature and high pressure. To solve this problem, regular pipe-cleaning can be used to clean the fluid accumulation in the pipeline and improve the efficiency of gas transmission. In the process of traditional pipe-cleaner pigging, liquid plug will form at the front of pipe-cleaner, resulting in extremely unstable operation of pipe-cleaner, especially in the stage of riser, the speed of pipe-cleaner increases continuously, resulting in the terminal trap receiving a large amount of condensate instantly. Have a great impact on the catcher. These problems can be effectively solved by blocking-preventing jet pipe cleaner, so its research is of great significance. In this paper, based on the research status and structure design of jet pipe cleaner at home and abroad, the motion model of jet pipe cleaner is summarized, and the design structure of new type pipe cleaner is given. The jet pipe cleaner can realize a certain opening bypass rate, reduce the movement speed of the pipe cleaner, reduce the pressure fluctuation of the pipeline, control the gas-liquid flow pattern, and at the same time, once meet the plugging situation of the pipe cleaner, The internal valve can move forward, seal the gas bypass channel, increase the pressure difference between the two ends of the pipe cleaner, and realize the restarting of the pipe cleaner. The core of anti-blocking jet pipe cleaner is the selection of bypass rate and the design of anti-blocking valve. Combined with a natural gas condensate pipeline in Liwan, this paper simulates the pigging process of pipe cleaner with different bypass rate by using OLGA numerical simulation software. By comparing the speed of pipe cleaner, the change of pipeline pressure and the change of flow rate of terminal liquid plug, At the same time, the optimal bypass rate is determined by the optimal selection of bypass rate. At the same time, the minimum amount of MEG added to prevent hydrate formation is simulated and studied under the conditions of normal pipeline transportation, normal pipe-clearing process, pipe-clearing jam, etc. Ensure the safety of pigging conditions. In order to realize the blocking prevention function of the jet pipe cleaner, the valve control element is added inside the pipe cleaner, among which the spring element is the key to the blockage restarting. In this paper, the stress test of indoor pipe cleaner is simulated by Fluent software, and the stress of valve under different pressure difference conditions is studied and analyzed. The influence of the pressure difference between the two ends of the pipe cleaner on the valve force is summarized. The internal valve force of the pipe cleaner was tested and studied by setting up the test pipe in the room. The micro-force sensor is uniformly arranged on the axial plane of the air flow to test the force. By changing the parameters such as bypass rate, valve displacement and gas flow rate, the test and Fluent numerical simulation can be realized. At the same time, the influence of bypass rate, valve displacement and gas velocity on the valve force is analyzed. Finally, the design method of spring element is obtained, which provides the basis for the complete design criterion of anti-blocking jet pipe cleaner.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE973.8

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