链式抽油机换向系统关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 19:41

本文选题：链式抽油机 + 换向系统　；参考：《中国矿业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为一种长冲程节能型抽油机,链式抽油机在高含水中后期油田石油的开采工作中能发挥其长冲程、低冲次的优势。然而,就目前链式抽油机的服役状况来看,其核心结构——换向系统故障率较高,导致该型号抽油机没能够被大面积推广。因此,还需要进一步的对链式抽油机进行理论研究和结构改进。论文研究内容主要包括以下几个方面:(1)通过对传统链式抽油机换向系统受力分析,发现换向系统容易失效的主要原因,并在此基础上提出使用对称式双链条同步运行机构取代传统的单侧链换向机构;建立了考虑链传动的多边形效应的链式抽油机运动学和悬点载荷方程,为链式抽油机的制造提供更可靠的理论依据。(2)分别研究了冲程、冲次、链条预紧力和多边形效应对链式抽油机运动性能的影响;通过建立链式抽油机的三维简化模型,对其进行了多体动力学仿真分析。(3)在实验室条件下,设计并制作了一台链式抽油机样机,基于此样机进行了相关室内测试。由于缺少具体的井下参数和动载荷模拟设备,所以仅在静载荷条件下对悬点冲程、速度、加速度、运行噪音、电机输出功率等参数进行了测试。实验结果表明,所设计的新型链式抽油机能够实现换向功能,悬点运行规律符合本文所建立的运动学方程。同时,当运行冲次在合理范围内时,工作中不会产生过大的运行噪音和机械振动。作为我国自主研发的一款无游梁式抽油机,链式抽油机的研究应用技术还不够成熟,大面积推广使用还有一定的困难。本文的研究成果虽然有限,但是研究方法及成果对链式抽油机的进一步更新具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:As a kind of long stroke energy saving pumping unit, chain pumping unit can play its advantage of long stroke and low impact times in the production of oil field in the middle and late period of high water cut. However, from the point of view of the service condition of the chain pumping unit, the breakdown rate of its core structure-commutator system is relatively high, which leads to the failure of this type pumping unit to be popularized in a large area. Therefore, further theoretical research and structural improvement of the chain pumping unit are needed. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) through the analysis of the forces on the traditional chain pumping unit reversing system, the main reasons for the easy failure of the commutator system are found. On the basis of this, a symmetrical double chain synchronous operation mechanism is proposed to replace the traditional one side chain reversing mechanism, and the kinematics and suspension load equations of the chain pumping unit considering the polygon effect of the chain drive are established. To provide a more reliable theoretical basis for the manufacture of chain pumping units, the effects of stroke, chain preload and polygon effect on the motion performance of chain pumping unit are studied respectively, and the simplified three-dimensional model of chain pumping unit is established. A prototype of a chain pumping unit is designed and manufactured under the condition of laboratory. Based on this prototype, relevant laboratory tests are carried out. Due to the lack of specific downhole parameters and dynamic load simulation equipment, the parameters of suspension stroke, speed, acceleration, operating noise and motor output power are tested only under static load conditions. The experimental results show that the new type of chain pumping unit can realize commutative function and the running law of suspension points accords with the kinematics equation established in this paper. At the same time, when the running impulse is within a reasonable range, there will be no excessive operating noise and mechanical vibration. As a kind of non-beam pumping unit developed independently in our country, the research and application technology of chain pumping unit is not mature enough, and it is difficult to popularize it in a large area. Although the research results in this paper are limited, the research methods and results have a certain reference value for further updating of chain pumping units.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE933.1

【参考文献】