节能抽油机系统研发

发布时间：2018-05-29 16:21

本文选题：节能抽油机 + 桁架　；参考：《黑龙江大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近几年,随着能源问题的日益加剧,人们对抽油机是否节能更加关心。通过优化结构设计和平衡方式等方面的改进,可实现抽油机节能的要求。为了达到节能降耗,低碳环保,维护简单,性价比高等要求,各个油田都开始对新型的抽油机进行研发,这类抽油机的开发有着很好的应用前景和实际意义。所以在此条件下,本文对目前抽油机进行了研究和分析,设计了一套节能抽油机系统,抽油机系统主要包括机械和控制两大部分。机械系统设计中,通过对各种电机的性能进行对比以及减速装置的对比,确定采用开关磁阻电机以及滚筒减速的方式,对传统的抽油机上所使用的较大的减速器进行取代,抽油机的井架结构为桁架式,电机输出的动力经过滑轮组和钢丝绳进行传送。在总体方案的确定之后,然后对各个部分进行设计,如平台部分的设计、桁架结构设计、配重块的设计和悬绳器的设计,并对每一部分做具体的研究。SRD调速系统由硬件和软件两部分组成。在完成了对开关磁阻电机的结构和工作原理的分析后,根据SR电机的调速特点及控制方法,完成硬件和软件部分设计。电机、电机控制器以及功率变换器和检测部分等构成调速系统的硬件部分,并根据调速系统的特点以及模块化编程的设计思想,对系统的软件进行设计。针对实际应用中的需要,设计搭建了模拟抽油机工作的实验平台。通过实验来验证结构设计及控制系统设计的合理性,包括对电机加减速和换向过程是否平稳可靠,制动器在出现断电和故障时能否快速制动,减速滚筒能否达到稳定降速效果这几方面的验证。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the increasing energy problem, people pay more attention to the energy saving of pumping unit. The energy saving requirement of pumping unit can be realized by optimizing the structure design and improving the balance way. In order to achieve energy saving, low carbon environmental protection, simple maintenance, high performance-to-price ratio and other requirements, various oilfields began to develop new pumping units, the development of such pumping units has a good application prospects and practical significance. Therefore, under this condition, this paper has carried on the research and the analysis to the present pumping unit, has designed a set of energy saving pumping unit system, the pumping unit system mainly includes the mechanical and the control two parts. In the design of mechanical system, by comparing the performance of various kinds of motors and the deceleration device, the switched reluctance motor and drum deceleration method are adopted to replace the larger reducer used in the traditional pumping unit. The Derrick structure of the pumping unit is truss, and the power output of the motor is transmitted through the pulley group and wire rope. After the overall plan is determined, the design of each part is carried out, such as the design of the platform part, the design of the truss structure, the design of the weight distribution block and the design of the suspension device. The SRD speed regulation system is composed of hardware and software. After analyzing the structure and working principle of SRM, the hardware and software are designed according to the speed regulation characteristic and control method of SRM. The hardware part of the speed regulation system is composed of motor, motor controller, power converter and detection part. According to the characteristics of the speed regulation system and the design idea of modular programming, the software of the system is designed. In order to meet the needs of practical application, an experimental platform for simulating pumping unit work is designed and built. The rationality of the structural design and control system design is verified by experiments, including whether the motor acceleration, deceleration and commutation process is stable and reliable, and whether the brake can brake quickly in the event of power failure and failure. Whether the deceleration drum can achieve stable speed reduction effect is verified in several aspects.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE933.1

【参考文献】